Awful Anemias & Catastrophic Coagulation
This disease process is associated with hemoglobinemia, a "crew cut" X-ray, and accumulation of either alpha or beta chains
What is Thalassemia?
This type of lymphoma is commonly recognized based on Reed Sternberg cells, which originate from the germinal center
What is Hodgkin's Lymphoma?
This retrovirus causes a significantly worse condition when CD4 levels drop below a count of 200 cells/mm^3
What is HIV?
Low Molecular Weight Heparins bind to this compound
What is Antithrombin?
Mental fatigue, cynicism, and a sensation of decreased accomplishment in work is indicative of this condition
What is Burnout?
This organ is not normally enlarged in intravascular hemolytic anemias
What is the spleen?
This lymphoma presents with a "starry sky pattern" or "tingible body macrophages"
What is Burkitt Lymphoma?
The vaccine used to treat this virus is contraindicated in an individual who has never been infected by the pathogen as it could enhance the immune system and make concurrent infection more harmful
What is Dengue?
A patient came in taking too much warfarin. What would be the simplest treatment option to reverse these effects, assuming the patient is stable for the following 6-24 hours.
What is Vitamin K?
A certain population of 500 people at the start of Year A contains 50 people with Disease X. At the start of Year B, the population grew to 800 people and the amount of people with Disease X grew by 50 people. This year has the greater point prevalence.
What is Year B
(100/800) = 12.5% VS (50/500) = 10%
Point prevalence is existing cases at a specified time over total population
These three characteristics make up Virchow's Triad
What are hypercoagulability, endothelial injury, and abnormal blood flow/hemodynamic changes?
Mantle Cell Lymphoma presents with a reciprocal translocation between these two chromosomes which leads to this overaggressive cyclin
What is Chromosome 11 and 14 & Cyclin D1?
This disease commonly presents with lesions that can appear all over the body in various different stages and can be differentiated from other DNA viruses based on this feature
What is Varicella Zoster Virus (Chickenpox)?
This antiviral medication can be used to treat HSV and VZV. It is an ester of two molecules that are also used to treat the same conditions.
What is Valacyclovir?
This X-linked recessive disease is characterized by improper function of Clotting Factor IX
What is Hemophilia B?
A patient presents with fever, thrombocytopenia. When checking a PBS, you see a variety of schistocytes. A direct Coombs test is negative, and genetic testing is done. You find out they have a deficiency in ADAMTS13. This would be the best treatment plan (2 answers)
What is plasma exchange and corticosteroids?
This plasma cell disorder is associated with bone lesions, anisocytosis, and binuclear pleomorphisms, with the bone lesions being driven by cytokine production which upregulates this ligand (What's the disorder, and what's being upregulated)
What is Multiple Myeloma and what is RANKL (Receptor Activator of NFKB Ligand) (I'll also accept MIP1 alpha)
In healthy patients, this infection can cause malaise, cough, coryza, facial rash, but in patients with hemoglobinemia it can cause aplastic crises
What is Parvovirus B19?
Fluconazole is an antifungal that has good tolerance and treats a variety of fungi. However, it cannot treat this fungus. Instead, this antifungal must be used instead. (What's the major fungi that fluconazole can't treat and what is used to target it, still within the azole class)
What is Aspergillus and what is Voriconazole?
This parasitic infection is associated with eosinophilia and can lead to cirrhosis of the liver
What is schistosomiasis?
A patient comes in with fatigue and pallor. On physical exam there is peripheral neuropathy and paranesthesia. When asked about diet, the patient states they eat plenty of meat and dairy. When blood work returns, you find a decrease in folic acid, along with higher levels of methylmalonic acid. Given that this isn't dietary insufficiency, what is the disease state that could cause this presentation, and what important metabolite is missing?
Pernicious Anemia and Intrinsic Factor
These two receptors on these chromosomes are fused together in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.
What are Retinoic Acid Receptor (RARA) and PML gene, on chromosomes 15 and 17
A patient presents to the Emergency room with stiff neck, sudden fever, and a severe headache. When questioned about travel they noted they had been in tropical countries with high propensities for malaria, but took appropriate prophylaxis treatments. Blood cultures under a microscope were negative for the parasite. A screening of Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Haemophilus Influenzae, returns negative. What organism is facilitating this meningitis infection to occur and what is this syndrome called?
Strongyloides and Strongyloides Hyper Infection Syndrome
This is the standard combination of drugs to treat patients with HIV (classes of drugs and how many of each) and they target these processes of viral replication
What are 2 NRTIs and 1 INSTI?
NRTIs - Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (stops reverse transcription) and Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (stops integration into the host genome)
This enzyme associated with heme synthesis is found in the mitochondria and a defect in a variant of this gene can cause sideroblastic anemia. (Be specific with the enzyme name)
What is ALAS2?