Hypo VS Hyperthyroidism
You must have what substance in order to produce thyroxine and triiodothyronine? Where do we get much of this intake from?
Iodine and Table Salt
What type of diabetes insipidus results from the brain's low production and secretion of ADH?
Central/Neurogenic
Buffalo hump, thin extremities, moon face, truncal obesity, osteoporosis and purple striae are all signs of which disease?
Cushing's Syndrome
Pheochromocytoma is a condition characterized by adrenal medulla tumor that makes excessive epinephrine and norepinephrine. Those hormones are called what?
Catecholamines
Hypophysectomy is the surgical removal of what?
Pituitary Gland
Grave's disease is an autoimmune enlargement of the thyroid gland causes excess thyroid secretion. What are the two biggest risk factors for this disease?
Female and age 20-40
What is the difference between urine and plasma osmolality in DI and SIADH?
DI: concentrated plasma and dilute urine
SIADH: dilute plasma and concentrated urine
What is the difference between potassium and blood sugar levels between Addison's and cushing's?
Addison's- High potassium, low blood sugar
Cushing's- Low potassium, high blood sugar
Oversecretion of growth hormone before puberty causes what disorder, while a lack of growth hormone during childhood causes what?
Gigantism and dwarfism
True/False: Surgical treatment of Cushing's disease immediately puts the patient into lifelong Addison's disease.
true
A middle-aged female client complains of anxiety, insomnia, weight loss, the inability to concentrate, and eyes feeling "gritty." Thyroid function tests reveal the following: thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 0.02 U/ml, thyroxine 20 g/dl, and triiodothyronine 253 ng/dl. A 6-hour radioactive iodine uptake test showed a diffuse uptake of 85%. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse should suspect what disease?
Hyperthyroidism/Grave's Disease
True or false: Hyponatremia and hypotension become a serious issue requiring hypertonic saline immediately in emergent cases of SIADH.
False. Causes hypertension.
Which disease would cause anemia, dehydration, and postural hypotension?
addison's disease
Manifestations of enlarged extremities, thickening and enlargement of face and head + bony and soft tissue, sleep apnea, cardiomegaly, and hypertension are signs of what condition? And due to an overproduction of which hormone?
Acromegaly and Growth Hormone
Which treatment for hyperthyroidism destroys thyroid tissue by decreasing vascularity?
Radioactive Iodine
What is the difference between primary and secondary hypothyroidism?
Primary is destruction in thyroid tissue versus secondary being a hypothalamic/pituitary dysfunction.
During treatment of SIADH, sodium replacement must happen at a maximum rate of what?
0.5meq/L per hour
While primary insufficiency is caused by Addison's disease, what causes secondary adrenal insufficiency?
lack of pituitary ACTH
Which disease is characterized by an autoimmune attack causing thyroid tissue to be replaced by lymphocytes and fibrous tissue?
Hashimoto's or Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis
List the 3 key steps of a fluid deprivation test used in diabetes insipidus.
1. Fluid withheld for 8-12 hours
2. Plasma and urine osmolality is measured both before and after the test.
3. Desmopressin is given halfway through.
An incoherent client with a history of hypothyroidism is brought to the emergency department by the rescue squad. Physical and laboratory findings reveal hypothermia, hypoventilation, respiratory acidosis, bradycardia, hypotension, and nonpitting edema of the face and periorbital area. Knowing that these findings suggest severe hypothyroidism, the nurse prepares to take emergency action to prevent the potential complication of what?
Myxedema Coma
For treatment of nephrogenic DI, which diuretics need to be used?
Potassium Sparing
A patient who is retaining sodium, excreting potassium, and maintaining and elevated blood pressure would alert the nurse to an excessive secretion of which hormone?
Aldosterone/Hyperaldosteronism
A patient experiencing hyperparathyroidism will have what electrolyte imbalance as a result?
Hypercalcemia
A patient is presenting to the Emergency Department with a history of Addison's disease and presents signs and symptoms of severe weakness, confusion, vomiting, hypotension, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia. You determine that they are in an Addisonian crisis. Once ordered, what medication will you be giving?
Hydrocortisone