Princess & the Pea
Kidney Hats
Butterfly Effect
Hidden Gems
Roll the Dice
100

List three clinical manifestations of acromegaly.

Enlargement of hands and feet

Thickening/enlargement of the boney and soft tissue of the face

Enlarged tongue

Joint pain

Sleep apnea

Skin changes

Barreled shape chest

Changes in voice characteristics

Severe headaches

Visual disturbances

Hyperglycemia

100

List the hormones of the adrenal glands.

glucocortocoids- cortisol

mineralocorticoids- aldosterone

catecholamines- epinephrine, norepinephrine

100

What manifestations would be expected in a patient with hypothyroidism?

Increased TSH, Decreased T3 and T4

fatigue, bradycardia, weight gain, hypotension, intolerance to cold, constipation, abnormal menstrual periods, low libido 

100

The major function of the parathyroid gland and parathyroid hormone is:?

Regulation of calcium and phosphorus balance

100

When analyzing labs for a patient with SIADH, the nurse would expect the serum potassium to be ___, the serum osmolarity to be ___, urine volume to be __, urine osmolarity to be ___, and the urine sodium to be ___.

Decreased, decreased, decreased, increased, increased

200

There are three classes of medications used to treat acromegaly. List the classes and provide and example for each class.

Dopamine agonists: bromocriptine mesylate (Parlodel), cabergoline (Dostinex)

Somatostatin analogs: octreotide (Sandostatin), lanreotide (Somatuline)

Growth hormone receptor blocker: pegvisomant (Somavent)

200

List clinical manifestations of Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency)

hyperpigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes

decrease in pubic and axillary hair

weakness

hypoglycemia

200

What is the medication used to treat hypothyroidism and what are some nursing considerations associated with this medication?

levothyroxine (Synthroid)

must be taken on an empty stomach, monitor for s/s of hyperthyroidism, monitor cardiac function

synthroid increases effect of warfarin and decreases the effect of digoxin

200

List clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism.

Possibly no symptoms.

Apathy, fatigue, muscle weakness, n,v,c, htn, dysrhythmias 

200

List at least two pharmacological/non-pharmacological interventions for SIADH

Treating hyponatremia---fluid restriction <1000 mL/day, 3% Saline (severe hypoNa)

Meds--- Demeclocycline (Declomycin), vasopressin antagonists (tolvaptan, conivaptan)

Loop diuretics

300

A treatment of Diabetes Insipidus is to administer a synthetic form of what hormone?

List the names of the two medications.


ADH

Desmopressin (DDAVP) & Vasopressin (Pitressin)

300

List pharmacological treatments for Addison's disease.

Glucocorticoid-- hydrocortisone (Solucortef), dexamethasone (Decadron)

Mineralocorticoid-- fludrocortisone (Florinef)

300

What is a rare, but potential complication of hypothyroidism?

Myxedema

300
Treatment for hyperparathyroidism? 

Parathyroidectomy, if renal function is compromised.

300

List the two medications used to treat Cushing's and list a nursing intervention for each.

Ketoconazole- adrenal corticosteroid inhibitor, monitor liver enzymes and for liver intoxication

Mitotane- selective destruction of adrenocortical cells, monitor for renal damage, liver tox, shock, and orthostatic hypotension

400

List a primary complication of Diabetes Insipidus.

Dehydration----

400

List the three hallmark signs of Cushing's

Moon face 

Buffalo hump

Truncal obesity

Other manifestations include hyperglycemia, sodium/fluid retention, GI distress

400

What is another name for hyperthyroidism and list clinical manifestations of this disorder.

Graves disease- anxiety, restlessness, tachycardia, palpitations, heat intolerance, weight loss, increased appetite, thyroid enlargement, tremors, hyperreflexia, exophthamlos, diarrhea, goiter 

T3 & T4 increased TSH decreased

400

Clinical manifestations of hypoparathyroidism?

Tetany- positive Chvostek and Trousseau, muscle hypotonia, tremor, spasms

400

What is a non-surgical treatment for hyperthyroidism?

Radioactive iodine therapy

500

Name the two diagnostic tests used to diagnose diabetes insipidus 

Water deprivation test (ADH stimulation test)

Vasopressin test

500

What diagnostic test is specific to diagnosing Cushing's?

Dexamethasone Suppression test

500

List the pharmacological treatments for hyperthyroidism and nursing considerations for each.

Thionamides--- methimazole (MMI, tapazole), propylthiouracil (PTU)--- inhibits thyroid production

---monitor for leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, liver tox, must be taken with meals

Lugol's solution 5% elemental iodine, 10% potassium iodine, inhibits release of thyroid hormone

---short term (10 days pre-op), take with food, contraindicated with pregnancy, use a straw to avoid staining teeth, mix with juice or other beverage to mask taste

Beta blockers---manage symptoms tachycardia, palpitations

500

List treatments for hyperparathyroidism

Goal is to treat hypocalcemia-- calcitrol, calcium, mag, vitamin d---thiazide diuretic---PTH---calcium gluconate, pentobarbitol

500

What is a common treatment for thyroid tumor?

Subtotal or total thyroidectomy

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