Pituitary
What is the treatment for hypopituitarism?
What electrolyte imbalances occur from hyperparathyroidism?
Hypercalcemia & hypophosphatemia
Explain the patho of hyperthyroidism
The body develops antibodies that mimic TSH due to infection/stress, causing an increase in the release of thyroid hormones (T3 & T4) resulting in low TSH levels and increased metabolism & tissue sensitivity.
What are the potential causes of Cushing Syndrome?
Excess administration, ACTH tumor on pituitary, adrenal tumor, ectopic ACTH.
What do you not do if a patient has a suspected phenochromocytoma?
Do not palpate the abdomen
What is the overproduction of GH from a tumor on the pituitary causing overgrowth of bones & soft tissues?
Acromegaly
What electrolyte imbalances occur from hypoparathyroidism?
Hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia
What are the signs of Grave's?
How do you diagnose Cushing Syndrome?
24 hour urine collection for free cortisol, saliva test, CT, MRI, increased plasma ACTH, dexamethasone suppression test.
What is the risk of a thyroidectomy?
Hypocalcemia
What are the signs & symptoms of SIADH?
Excessive ADH release, low serum osmolality, increased urine osmolality, low urine output, hyponatremia, muscle cramps, pain, weakness, thirst, dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, weight gain
What are the manifestations of hypoparathyroidism?
What happens when someone is experiencing myxedema coma and how do you treat it?
They will have a subnormal temperature (low), hypotension & bradycardia, and hypoventilation.
Support vital signs and give IV thyroid hormone replacement.
What are the manifestations of an addisonian crisis?
What do you watch for when giving IV calcium for a patient with hypoparathyroidism?
How do you treat SIADH within the sodium level parameters?
If Na >125: restrict fluids to 800-1000mL/day & give furosemide
If Na <120: IV 3% NaCl & fluid restriction of 500mL/day
What are the manifestations of hyperparathyroidism?
Decreased bone density, weakness, loss of appetite, constipation, fractures, kidney stones
Name the 3 medications for hyperthyroidism
Propylthiouracil
Methimazole
Lugol's Solution
What is the medication for Cushing Syndrome and what is the medication for Addison Disease?
Cushing: mitotane
Addison: hydrocortisone
What are the signs of thyrotoxicosis?
How do you diagnose DI?
Specific gravity <1.005
Urine osmolality <100
Serum osmolality >295
Water deprivation test
How do you treat high calcium levels in hyperparathyroidism?
IV 0.9% NaCl & furosemide
What do you need to watch for when giving Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism?
Watch for angina & cardiac dysrhythmias.
Dose too low: bradycardia, lethargy, constipation, fatigue
Dose too high: irritable, hyperthermia, tachycardia, diarrhea, tremors, insomnia
What are the manifestations of Cushing Syndrome?
What is the medication used to treat acromegaly and what is the risk with giving it?
Octreotide
Risk of gallstones