Pituitary Hormones
What produces prolactin and where does prolactin target?
Production: Lactotrophs
Target: Breast gonads
The function of Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
Stimulates secretion of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) that promote growth and protein synthesis
What produces the thyroid hormones?
Thyroid follicles
What two hormones are secreted by the adrenal medulla?
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
What do alpha cells of the pancreas produce, and what is the function of this hormone?
Glucagon: raises blood sugar
What produces Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and what does this hormone target?
Target: Thyroid Gland
The function of Prolactin
Promotes milk secretion by mammary glands
What are the thyroid hormones?
tetraiodothyronine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
What produces mineralocorticoids and what are their function?
Production: Cells of Zona Glomerulosa
Function: Regulate mineral balance
What do beta cells of the pancreas produce, and what is the function of this hormone?
What produces FSH and LH and what do these hormones target?
Production: Gonadotroph
Target: Gonads
Function of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Ovaries initiate the development of oocytes, teste stimulates testosterone production.
The function of both thyroid hormones
1. Increases basal metabolic rate
2. Stimulates protein synthesis
3. Increases use of glucose and fatty acids for ATP production
What produces glucocorticoids and what are their function?
Production: Cells of the zona fasciculata
Function: Regulate glucose metabolism and resistance to stress
What do delta or D cells of the pancreas produce, and what is the function of this hormone?
Somatostatin: Inhibits insulin and glucagon
What produces Growth hormone (GH) and what does it target?
Production: Somatotroph
Target: All tissues, liver
Function of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid.
What cells produce calcitonin and what is its function?
Production: Parafollicular cells (C cells)
Function: Lowers Ca2+ by inhibiting bone resorption
What produces androgens and what are their function?
Production: Cells of the zona reticularis
Function: masculinization, growth of axillary and pubic hair, contributes to libido
What do F cells of the pancreas produce, and what is the function of this hormone?
Pancreatic Polypeptide: Inhibits somatostatin, gallbladder contraction, and secretion of pancreatic digestive enzymes.
What produces ACTH (adrenocorticotrophic hormone) produced and what does it target?
Production: Corticotrophs
Target: Adrenal gland, adipocytes
Function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Stimulates glucocorticoid secretion by adrenal cortex
The function of parathyroid hormone (PTH) or parathormone
Promotes release of Ca2+ from bone extracellular matrix into blood and slows loss of Ca2+ in urine
What produces catecholamines and what are their function?
Production: Chromaffin cells in medullas
Function: Stimulate sympathetic activity
What hormones are involved in T-cell maturation and where are they produced?
Production: Thymus