More Hormones, More Problems
A patient presents with galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and infertility
What is increased prolactin?
A patient presents with abdominal pain, Kussmaul respirations, glucose 450, bicarbonate 12, and positive ketones
What is DKA?
What is Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
An emergency dose of this medication should be carried to mitigate an adrenal crisis?
What is IM hydrocortisone?
This cancer has the poorest prognosis
What is Anaplastic thyroid cancer?
Cushing's disease(Diagnosis)
What is 2 of 3 cortisol tests, ACTH level, Pituitary MRI?
A patient develops enlarged hands, prognathism, cardiomyopathy, and insulin resistance.
What is increased growth hormone?
A 32-year-old patient presents with fever, severe tachycardia, agitation, diarrhea, and delirium after stopping methimazole.
What is thyroid storm?
Low morning cortisol, Elevated ACTH, +21- hydroxylase antibodies.
What is Addison's disease?
This diabetes medication class promotes glycosuria and carries a risk of euglycemic DKA
What are SGLT2 inhibitors
Radioactive Iodine therapy is a definitive treatment for this condition?
What is Grave's disease?
Thyroid Storm(Treatment)
Propranolol, PTU, Iodine, steroids
A patient presents with fatigue, bradycardia, constipation, and weight gain.
What is high TSH and low T4?
A patient with a hx of Polymyalgia Rheumatica presents with vomiting, abdominal pain, hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia.
What is Adrenal crisis?
Low ACTH, TSH, T4, Cortisol, FSH, LH
What is anterior hypopituitarism?
This drug class decreases triglycerides and increases HDL by increasing extrahepatic LPL activity
What are Fibrates?
This condition typically lacks ophthalmopathy and demonstrates patchy radioactive iodine uptake.
What is multi-nodular goiter?
DKA with Hypokalemia(treatment)
IV saline, Potassium repletion, Insulin
Secondary hypogonadism
What is low LH, FSH and testosterone?
A patient presents with confusion, constipation, polyuria, dehydration, and muscle weakness. Calcium is 16.2 mg/dL.
What is a parathyroid crisis?
Hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, and suppressed renin
What is Conn syndrome?
This diuretic, anti-hypertensive medication can cause gynecomastia.
What is spironolactone?
A patient from the rural northwest region develops fatigue, weight gain, and diffuse thyroid enlargement
What is Iodine Deficiency?
Conn Syndrome(Diagnosis)
Aldosterone/renin ratio, confirmatory test, Adrenal CT, IR adrenal vein sampling
A patient presents with tetany, perioral numbness, Chvostek sign, and prolonged QT interval following thyroid surgery
What is decreased parathyroid hormone?
A patient presents with altered mental status and hypotension. Vital signs reveal temperature 89°F, heart rate 42, and blood pressure 78/40. The patient has delayed reflex relaxation and dry skin.
What is myxedema coma?
A patient with chronic kidney disease develops hypocalcemia and elevated PTH
What is secondary hyperparathyroidism?
This medication is preferred to manage hyperthyroidism in pregnant patients.
What is PTU?
A patient presents with low radioactive iodine uptake, painful thyroid enlargement, elevated ESR, and transient hyperthyroidism.
What is De Quervain's thyroiditis?
Medullary thyroid cancer(Diagnosis)
TSH level, US, FNA, Calcitonin
A post-surgical patient develops polydipsia & polyuria with an increased serum sodium level.
What is Decreased ADH
A patient with a history of dyslipidemia who was recently treated with erythromycin for pertussis presents with muscle aches and dark urine. Crea level is 2.2 and CPK is 2600.
What is statin-induced Rhabdomyolysis?
Elevated morning serum cortisol and 24-hour urine cortisol, High ACTH
What is corticotropin-dependent Cushing's syndrome?
This medication decreases growth hormone by acting like somatostatin.
What is Octreotide
This condition can lead to facial erythema, JVD and cyanosis.
What is a thyroid nodule causing SVC syndrome?
Diabetes Chronic complications management for a 42yo patient.
Maintain A1C less than 7; Maintain BP <140/90, yearly eye exam, foot exam, creatinine, urine albumin, K, lipid panel; Statin therapy; ACE or ARB if Hypertensive