Pancreas
Glucagon is released from which type of cells?
Alpha cells
Where is the Parathyroid Gland located?
On the posterior lateral surface of thyroid gland
Calcitonin is made by ________ cells of the thyroid
parafollicular
Aldosterone is released from the Zona________
Glomerulosa
Hypersecretion of GH before the fusing of the epithelial plate
gigantism
True or False?
The pancreas is both an endocrine and parotid gland
False
It's both an endocrine and a ______ gland
PTH is released when there are low levels of ______ in blood
Calcium
The two types of thyroid hormone?
T3,T4
(what nutrient is needed for these to function?)
Renin converts _______ into ________
angiotensinogen, angiotensin I
A patient comes in appearing moon-faced. They also have hyperglycemia and high blood pressure. They likely have
cushing's syndrome
Blood glucose homeostasis is maintained by a________ feedback system
Negative
Parathyroid hormone causes blood calcium levels to rise while calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels. This is an example of a _____ hormone relationship.
Antagonistic
What type of cells in the thyroid store iodine?
colloid
Angiotensin I gets converted into Angiotensin II by what enzyme?
ACE (Angiotensin-converting enzyme)
What hormone is released from the pars intermedia?
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
Insulin is released by _____ cells and then binds to what kind of receptors to stimulate the uptake of blood glucose?
beta, tyrosine kinase
______ degrade bone matrix and release calcium into the blood to raise blood calcium levels
Osteoclasts
Name at least 2 functions of T3 and T4
Switch on genes, stimulate protein synthesis, promote maturation of nervous system, increase BMR in most cells
Aldosterone travels to the kidneys to increase excretion of K+ and increase reabsorption of NaCl and water, thus increasing _______
blood volume
Light levels affect when and how much melatonin is released from the pineal gland. Thus your body has a rhythm of sleeping. This is called
circadian rhythm
Name the 3 signs of Diabetes Mellitus
Polyuria – increased urination
Polydipsia – increased thirst
Polyphagia – increased hunger
PTH targets what 3 areas of the body?
bones, kidneys, and intestines
a patient comes in sensitive to warmth and has bulging eyes. They likely have...
hyperthyroidism
Angiotensinogen is a __________. These types of hormones are always in the blood but have to be cleaved twice before converting into its active form
preprohormone
Alcohol and coffee are dieretics. What does this mean and what effect will this have on ADH levels?
They cause dehydration by lowering your levels of ADH