Hormones & Functions
This hormone, produced by the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels.
insulin
A condition characterized by the body’s inability to produce sufficient insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels.
diabetes mellitus?
This gland, located in the neck, produces hormones that regulate metabolism.
thyroid gland?
Break down and define "hyperthyroidism."
hyper- (excessive) + thyroid (thyroid gland) + -ism (condition), a condition of excessive thyroid activity?
: This imaging technique uses sound waves to create images and can be used to examine the thyroid gland.
ultrasound?
The hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
This autoimmune disorder results in an overactive thyroid gland and can cause symptoms such as weight loss and bulging eyes.
Graves' disease?
Known as the “master gland,” this small gland controls many endocrine functions and is located at the base of the brain.
pituitary gland?
Break down and define "hypoglycemia."
What is hypo- (low) + glyc/o (sugar) + -emia (blood condition), a condition of low blood sugar?
This imaging scan uses radioactive glucose to observe metabolic activity, often in endocrine tumors.
PET scan (Positron Emission Tomography)?
This hormone, secreted by the thyroid gland, regulates metabolism and energy use in the body.
thyroxine (T4)?
A condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and aldosterone.
Addison’s disease?
These glands are located on top of each kidney and release hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone.
adrenal glands?
Break down and define "panhypopituitarism."
pan- (all) + hypo- (deficient) + pituitar/o (pituitary gland) + -ism (condition), a condition of total pituitary hormone deficiency?
A detailed imaging technique using magnetic fields and radio waves, commonly used to assess the pituitary gland.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)?
The hormone responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating bone breakdown.
parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Excessive growth hormone secretion in adults leads to this condition, causing enlarged extremities.
Acromegaly?
This gland, located behind the stomach, has both endocrine and exocrine functions, including insulin production.
pancreas?
Break down and define "thyrotoxicosis."
thyr/o (thyroid) + toxic/o (poison) + -osis (condition), a condition of excess thyroid hormone levels?
This specific type of MRI measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow, often used for hypothalamus function studies.
fMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging)?
This hormone, secreted by the adrenal medulla, is also known as adrenaline.
epinephrine?
This condition, often due to a lack of iodine, results in the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.
goiter?
This gland, located in the mediastinum, plays a key role in the immune system and is most active during childhood.
thymus gland?
Break down and define "polydipsia."
What is poly- (many) + -dipsia (thirst), a condition of excessive thirst often associated with diabetes?
This term describes a substance that blocks X-rays, appearing white on an X-ray image and is often used as contrast in imaging studies.
radiopaque?