Vocab
Prostaglandins are
Lipid hormones manufactured in plasma membrane of cells
Produced by male testes, necessary for sperm production is
testosterone
Which system produces chemical messengers known as hormones
the endocrine system
Addison's disease
Hyposecretion of glucocorticoids & aldosterone from the adrenal glands
Most hormones are
released upon stimulation by other hormones
Neurosecretory cells
Transduce neural signals into endocrine signals
The pineal gland produces _____
melatonin
thymosin
plays an important role in incubating a special group of white blood cells.
Cushing's syndrome
Disorder of adrenal glands- too much cortisol or from taking glucocorticoids
Insulin is produced by _____ cells.
Beta Cells
steroids
Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens
anterior pituitary gland
The target organ of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
ACTH
Steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex
deficiency ADH
causes diabetes insipidus
All hormones
must bind to their receptors to change target cell function
Renin
Juxtaglomerular cells in arterioles of the kidneys
The thymus gland is located
In the thoracic cavity
Rising blood levels of aldosterone cause the kidney tubules to
Increase absorption of sodium ions
Thyroid disorders
Hypothyroidism (underactive) causes fatigue and weight gain, while Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism) causes weight loss and anxiety
.
Negative feedback systems
The initial stimulus is shut off or reduced
ghrelin
The hormone that stimulates hunger
parathyroid glands
regulate blood calcium levels by producing parathyroid hormone
humoral
Hormones that are released in response to changing blood levels are controlled by _____ stimuli
hypogonadism
Low testosterone often results in low desire, fatigue, depression, and poor mental focus
extracellular microbes
target of the adaptive humoral immune response