Endocrine System Intro
What does endo mean?
within
What are 3 functions of the endocrine system?
Appetite
Blood Pressure
Heart Rate
Growth and Development
Metabolism
Reproduction
Body Temperature
Sleeping and waking cycle
WHat disorder is characterized by "holey bones"?
Osteoporosis
What appears in urine as a symptom of diabetes?
Ketones
what does Hgb A1C measure
a three-month average of blood glucose
How many glands is the endocrine system made up of?
8 glands
What gland produce hormones that affect growth and reproduction?
Pituitary
What disease is most common among women, after age 30 and is very curable. Most common symptom is lump in neck.
Thyroid cancer
What is a type of diabetes in pregnant women?
Gestational Diabetes
a low TSH indicates
hyperthyroidism
What do glands produce?
Hormones
WHat gland is located on top of the kidney?
Adrenals
Which type diabetes can produce insulin?
Type II
What race is at high risk for diabetes?
Latinos, American Indians, Black Americans and Asian Americans are at a higher risk
A nurse reviews the following laboratory results:
what does this indicate?
Hyperthyroidism
Rationale: Low TSH and elevated Free T4 indicate an overactive thyroid gland. Excess thyroid hormone suppresses TSH production through negative feedback
What do hormones regulate?
Cells and Organs
Where is the pancreas located and what does it control?
Location: Abdomen
Controls blood sugar levels
Name the disease: the adrenal glands do not produce enough of the hormone cortisol.
Addison's Disease
What is the name of the disease as a result of diabetes?
Cardiovascular Disease
A patient has the following laboratory findings:
How should the nurse interpret these findings?
Diabetes Insipidus
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus results in inadequate ADH activity, causing:
Memory Aid: DI = Dry Inside
Where does hormones take messages?
through the entire body
Name the 8 glands of the endocrine system.
Hypothalumus
Pituitary
Thyroid
Parathyroid
Adrenals
Pineal Body
Pancreas
Thymus
Name all endocrine disorders
Type 1 Diabetes
Type II Diabetes
Osteoporosis
Thyroid Cancer
Addison's Disease
Cushing's Syndrome
Grave's Disease
Hashimoto's Disease
List all Type II diabetes prevention tips
Eat healthy foods
Be physically active
Lose excess pounds
Get blood sugar checked
Avoid tobacco
A nurse reviews the following laboratory results for a client admitted with suspected diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA):
Which finding is the nurse's priority concern?
Metabolic acidosis (pH 7.25 and HCO₃⁻ 14 mEq/L)
DKA is characterized by:
The low pH and bicarbonate indicate severe metabolic acidosis, which can lead to cardiovascular instability and requires immediate treatment.