Anatomy
Which gland is known as the "master gland" of the endocrine system?
Pituitary Gland
A patient presents with polydipsia and polyuria after head trauma.
Central Diabetes Insipidus
What is the first-line screening blood test for hypothyroidism?
TSH/Free T4
Hormone replacement therapy (Hydrocortisone and Fludrocortisone)
A patient with suspected PMOS should be referred to which specialist (she is not too worried about having kids right now)?
OB-GYN or Endocrinologist
Which specific cells in the pancreas produce insulin?
Pancreatic Beta Cells
A patient states, "My shoes and wedding ring don't fit anymore."
Acromegaly
What imaging study is the gold standard for diagnosing a pituitary adenoma (Acromegaly)?
MRI of the Pituitary
Patient is diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes. What medication do we start for them?
Insulin
A patient with acromegaly is asked to get a brain MRI. Who should he go see that can help him with imaging?
Radiologist
Where are the adrenal glands located?
Sit on top of the kidneys like a hat
"My heart is always racing, and I’m losing weight despite eating everything in sight."
Graves' / Hyperthyroidism
What is the "Gold Standard" test to diagnose Addison's disease?
ACTH Stimulation Test
Patient has had irregular menstrual cycles, acne, and unwanted hair growth on her upper lip. What medication can we give the patient to help regulate her cycles?
Oral contraceptives
A patient is recently diagnosed with Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS) and is really concerned about the acne and facial growth. Who can we refer our patient to that can address this patient's concerns?
Dermatologist
Which hormone is released by the posterior pituitary to regulate water retention?
ADH (vasopressin)
"I have been feeling so weak since I have birth and, and I'm struggling to breastfeed."
Sheehan Syndrome
autoantibodies
Patient complains of racing heart, unintentional weight loss, increased appetite, tremors, and bulging eyes. What medication do you want to prescribe for the patient will help control her heart rate and tremors?
beta-blockers
Who do we refer a Type 1 Diabetes patient if the main concern is damage to the eyes?
Ophthalmologist
Name the three layers of the adrenal cortex.
Glomerulosa, Fasciculata, Reticularis
A patient presents with low blood pressure, tan skin, and feeling very tired.
Addison's Disease
Patient complains of irregular cycles, acne, unwanted facial hair, and weight gain over the last year. You suspect PMOS and order a transvaginal ultrasound. What do you expect to see if the patient truly has PMOS?
looking for multiple follicles, string of pearls appearance
Somatostatin analogs or dopamine agonists
To which specialist would you refer a patient with Sheehan Syndrome if she really wants to have another baby?
Reproductive Endocrinology