Endocrine System Basics
What are the chemical messengers of the endocrine system called?
Hormones
Known as the "master gland," it controls many other endocrine glands.
Pituitary Gland
What hormone produced by the pancreas helps regulate blood sugar levels?
Insulin
What male hormone controls puberty and sperm production?
Testosterone
A specialized nerve cell that sends messages from the brain to the body.
Neuron
What system works closely with the endocrine system to send messages throughout the body?
Nervous System
This gland, shaped like a bow tie, controls how quickly the body uses energy.
Thyroid
Which hormone from the pituitary gland stimulates bone and tissue growth?
Growth Hormone
Which female hormone plays a major role in pregnancy?
Estrogen
The brain and the spinal cord are a part of the __________ nervous system.
A. central
B. peripheral
C. autonomic
D. somatic
Central
(Double Jeopardy) What are two major functions of hormones in the human body?
1. Endocrine glands release hormones into the bloodstream.
2. The endocrine hormones help control mood, growth and development, the way our organs work, metabolism, and reproduction.
Which gland is located on top of the kidneys and releases adrenaline?
Adrenal Gland
(Double Jeopardy) What hormone triggers the "fight or flight" response by increasing heart rate and blood pressure?
Adrenaline
(Double Jeopardy) What stage of development begins when reproductive hormones cause physical changes in the body?
Puberty
The _____________ nervous system includes the rest of the nerves in the body.
A. central
B. peripheral
C. autonomic
D. somatic
Peripheral
Which part of the endocrine system controls the release of hormones by gathering information from the brain?
Hypothalamus
(Double Jeopardy) Which gland links the endocrine and nervous systems and processes information like temperature and emotions?
Hypothalamus
What disease occurs when the body cannot properly produce or use insulin?
What are the reproductive glands called in males?
Testes
Which part of a neuron receives the signal or message?
Dendrites
Name the two hormones the adrenal glands release.
Adrenaline (increases heart rate and blood pressure)
Corticosteroid (controls salt and water)
This tiny gland in the middle of the brain secretes melatonin to help regulate sleep.
Pineal Gland
Name the hormone that influences milk production in breastfeeding women.
Prolactin
In which part of the female body are eggs produced?
Ovaries
Which part of the neuron takes away the signal or message?
Axon