Disease & disorder terms
chronic syndrome resulting from a deficiency in the hormonal secretion of the adrenal cortex.- symptoms may include: hypotension,weight loss, darkening of skin, & loss of appetite
Addison Disease
Condition brought about by hypersecretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland before puberty
Gigantism
1. nuclear medicine scan that measures thyroid function, particularly when distinguishing different causes of hyperthyroidism. - iodine is given orally to patient, images of gland can be obtained by using this method.
2. nuclear medicine procedure used to localize hyperactive parathyroid glands - gland that takes up abnormal amount of radioactive substance are identified and chosen for surgical removal
1. radioactive iodine uptake
2. sestamibi parathyroid scan
condition caused by congenital absence or atrophy of the thyroid gland, resulting in hypothyroidism.
-disease is characterized by puffy features,mental deficiency, large tongue, & short stature
Congenital hypothyroidism
1. autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland characterized by the production of more thyroid hormone than the body needs.
2. condition caused by excessive thyroid hormones
1. Graves disease
2. Thyrotoxicosis
group of signs and symptom attributed to the excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal cortices. Syndrome may result of a pituitary tumor that produces ACTH or a primary adrenal cortex hypersecretion
-signs may include "moon face", "buffalo hump", hypertension, wasting away of muscle, pads of fat on chest or abdomen
Cushing syndrome
1. disease in which thyriod gland cells are destroyed by autoimmune processes - characterized by hypothyroidism, goiter, & more common in females
2. condition resulting from an extreme defiencey of the thyroid hormone thyroxine; severe for of hypothyroidism in a adult - signs include puffiness of the face, thickened skin, slow speech, & anemia
1. Hashimota thyroiditis
2. Myxedema
Result of decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland-symptoms include: excessive thirst, large amounts of urine, & water being secreted from the body
Diabetes insipidus
1. serious condition resulting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus in which acid ketones accumulate from fat metabolism in the absence of adequate insulin- can progress to come & death
2. group of signs & symptoms including insulin resistance, obesity characterized by excessive fat around the area of the waist and abdomen, hypertension, - can develop type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, & stroke - also known as syndrome X & insulin resistance syndrome
1. Ketoacidosis
2. Metabolic syndrome
Chronic disease involving a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism caused by under-activity of the insulin-producing islets of Langerhans & characterized by elevated blood sugar-can cause renal disease,retinopathy, neuropathy,; in extreme cases ketosis,acidosis, & coma
Diabetes mellitus
1. malignant cancer that often starts in the adrenal medulla, composed of immature nerve cells - primarily affects children
2. tumor of the adrenal medulla, is usually non-malignant, surgical removal of the tumor is the most common treatment, can be fatal if untreated - characterized by , headaches, palpitations, , chest pain, & abdominal pain
1. nueroblastoma
2. pheochromocytoma