Hormone Actions
Glands
Homeostasis
Pathology
Endocrine System
100
Which hormone secreted in a daily rhythm influences sleep/wake cycles?
melatonin
100
List three major endocrine glands.
The major organs of the endocrine system include the: 1. Hypothalamus 2. Pituitary 3. Thyroid gland 4. Parathyroid glands 5. Thymus gland 6. Pineal gland 7. Pancreas 8. Adrenal glands 9. Gonads
100
What is more common in the endocrine system: positive feedback or negative feedback?
Negative feedback
100
What condition is caused by excessive GH secretion in childhood?
Gigantism
100
What are the messengers of the endocrine system?
Hormones
200
What two hormones are called gonadotropins?
LH and FSH
200
Which gland produces epinephrine and norepinephrine?
The adrenal glands (specifically the adrenal medulla)
200
Which two hormones are produced by the pancreas to regulate blood glucose levels?
Insulin and glucagon
200
A lack of iodine in the diet causes the thyroid gland to enlarge. What is this condition called?
Goiter
200
How do hormones travel through the body?
In the bloodstream
300
Which hormone promotes uterine contractions and is responsible for milk production in the mammary glands?
oxytocin
300
What is the "master gland" of the body?
the pituitary gland
300
What two categories of hormones does the hypothalamus produce to regulate the secretion of other hormones?
RH (releasing hormones) and IH (inhibiting hormones)
300
What condition is caused by an overproduction of GH in adults?
Acromegaly
300
Where are hormone receptors found?
On target cells
400
ACTH controls the secretion of which hormone?
cortisol
400
Which two hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary gland?
oxytocin and ADH
400
Calcitonin is secreted when blood calcium levels get too high. It opposes the action of which hormone?
Parathyroid hormone
400
What disease is characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels?
Diabetes mellitus
400
What type(s) of hormones bind to extracellular receptors? What type(s) of hormones bind to intracellular receptors?
Intracellular: peptide & amino acid derivatives Extracellular: lipid derivatives
500
What is the collective term for the male sex hormones?
Androgens
500
If a person has diabetes insipidis, in which gland would you look for the cause?
the pituitary gland
500
Explain how a negative feedback loop works.
A stimulus causes the creation of a product which then negates the stimulus.
500
What disorder is characterized by oversecretion of cortisol, usually caused by a pituitary tumor?
Cushing's syndrome
500
List two differences between the nervous and endocrine systems.
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