Endocrine Function
Endocrine Glands Pt. 1
Endocrine Glands Pt. 2
Blood
Hormones
100
What is the class of chemical messenger that is released by cells and affect other cell types locally without being transported in blood?
What is Paracrine chemical messengers
100
True or False: the anterior pituitary is an extension of the hypothalamus.
False
100
Parathyroid hormone....A)Decrease blood calcium levels B) Decreases PO4 levels C)Stimulates cells that breakdown bone D) Decrease synthesis of Vitamin D
Stimulate cells that breakdown bone (osteoclast)
100
A protein in the plasma that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is _______. A)elastin B)albumin C)thrombin D)Globulin
Albumin
100
The hormone _______________, which is secreted by the adrenal _______________, causes the kidney to conserve sodium and excrete potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure. A)aldosterone; cortex B)angiotensin I; medulla C)cortisol; cortex D)epinephrine; medulla
aldosterone; cortex
200
What is a major difference between the endocrine vs. nervous system? A)The nervous system releases neurotransmitters and the endocrine only releases hormones.B)Only the nervous system is associated with the brain.C) The term amplitude can be applied to the nervous system and frequency to the endocrine system.D) The reverse of C.
The term amplitude can be applied to the endocrine system and frequency to the nervous system.
200
The posterior pituitary stores and releases....A)ADH and growth hormone B) oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) C)growth hormone and antidiuretic D)prolactin and oxytocin
oxytocin and antidiuretic
200
True or False: The adrenal cortex secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, which can be associated with the parasympathetic nervous system.
False
200
Which of the following is NOT a function of blood? A)To regulate pH B)To regulate body temperature C)To increase fluid loss D)To transport nutrients
To increase fluid loss
200
Types of hormones include all of these with the exception of ______________. A)amines B)proteins C)glycoproteins D)monosaccharides
monosaccharides
300
Cyclic AMP functions as a(n) _______________ for _______________ hormones. A)binding site; nonsteroid B)membrane receptor; steroid C)activity site; G protein D)second messenger; nonsteroid
secondary messenger; nonsteroid
300
Hypothalamic releasing and release-inhibiting hormones are transported from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary by way of __________.A)the general bloodstream B) a portal system of blood vessels directly connecting the two organs C)direct contact between the two organs D)a cascade of release-inhibit-release-etc. interactions
a portal system of blood vessels directly connecting the two organs
300
Which region of the adrenal cortex secretes aldosterone? A)fasciculata B) glomerulosa C)reticularis D) Both A and C
Glomerulosa
300
Each of the following is a characteristic of red blood cells EXCEPT that they _______. A)are anucleate B)contain hemoglobin C)Use O2 for energy D)are formed in the red bone marrow
Use O2 for energy
300
Which one of these anterior pituitary hormones shows increased secretion in response to stress? A)thyroid-stimulating hormone B)adrenocorticotropic hormone C)luteinizing hormone D)prolactin
adrenocorticotropic
400
The release of the thyroid hormone is an example of what pattern of hormone secretion?
Chronic
400
Which of the following statements regarding pituitary hormones is FALSE? A)The hypothalamus makes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone, which are transported to the posterior pituitary for storage. B) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), released by the posterior pituitary, causes urine volume to increase as blood volume decreases. C)Luteinizing hormone, an anterior pituitary hormone, triggers ovulation of an egg from the ovary and causes the ruptured follicle to produce progesterone and some estrogens. D)Hyposecretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH) leads to sterility in both males and females.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), released by the posterior pituitary, causes urine volume to increase as blood volume decreases.
400
The clusters of cells in the pancreas that produce hormones are the... A)pancreatic cortex B)pancreatic medulla C)islets of Langerhans D)nodules
Islets of Langerhans
400
Each of the following occurs when blood clots after a cut EXCEPT _______. A)platelets release clotting factor B)thromboplastin converts prothrombin into thrombin C)thrombin converts fibrin into fibrinogen D)fibrin filaments trap cells to produce a clot
thrombin converts fibrin into fibrinogen
400
The thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating metabolic rate and calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the blood. Which thyroid hormone lowers calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the blood? A)thyroxine B)triiodothyronine C)calcitonin D)thyroid-stimulating hormone
Calcitonin
500
Receptors for steroid hormones are found....A)on nutrient molecules, such as glucose B)in the cell membranes of target tissues C) in the interstitial fluid D)in the cytoplasm of the cells of target tissues
In the cytoplasm of the cells of target tissues
500
True or false: Thyroxine and triiodothyronine, the thyroid hormones, do not have a specific target organ; instead, they stimulate most of the cells of the body to metabolize at a faster rate.
True
500
In the pancreas, ______________ cells secrete insulin, which ____________ blood levels of glucose. A)delta; raises B)alpha; lowers C)beta; raises D)beta; lowers
beta; lowers
500
Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are alike in that they _______. A) lack a defined nucleus B) are the only phagocytic leukocytes C) are granulocytes D) release histamine
are granulocytes
500
Failure of the pituitary to stop producing growth hormone (GH) after body growth is completed results in _______. A)tetany B)gigantism C)acromegaly D) kidney failure
gigantism
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