Hyperparathyroidism
The main function of the parathyroid glad
Calcium balance
Cause include?
Thyroid injury, autoimmune
Causes?
Graves disease, Increased iodine intake, Toxic nodular goiter, pituitary tumor
Causes
not enough iodine intake, anti-thyroid meds, pituitary tumor/ trauma, thyroidectomy
A decrease in T3 and T4 with a increase in TSH would be seen in what disease process.
Hypothyroidism
What electrolytes are increased in hyperparathyroidism?
Calcium and PTH
What electrolytes are increased and decreased?
decrease PTH and calcium
decrease in calcium causes an increase in phosphorus
Signs and symptoms
Goiter, exophthalmos, increased BP, RR, HR, weight loss, diarrhea, huger, heart intolerance
Signs and symptoms
weight gain, low energy, low HR,BP,RR Hypoglycemia, cold intolerance, constipation, fatigue, weakness
Function of thyroid hormones
Regulate metabolism
Primary cause of hyperparathyroidism
Adenoma (Tumor) of the parathyroid
Signs and symptoms of the electrolyte imbalance
Tetany, trousseau sign and Chvostek sign
Life threatening condition in hyperthyroidism? along with signs and symptoms.
THYROTOXIC crisis aka thyroid storm
S/S: SEVERE tachycardia (190), HIGH FEVER (106)
Life threatening condition in hypothyroidism and what is it characterized by?
Myxedema coma
S/S: EXTREME low RR (could be vented), Impaired consciousness, Hypotension, cardiovascular collapse
Diet interventions for a patient with hyperthyroidism
High Calories, protein and carbs Frequent meals and snacks. No fiber or caffeine
An increase of ...... can lead to renal caliculi
Calcium
What is needed for the body to absorb calcium?
Vit D
Pharmacological treatment
Antithyroid meds: Methimazole and PTU (propylthiouracil), Beta-Blocker to decrease BP and HR, Potassium iodine (SSKI)
Most common pharmacological treatment
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
You may see high cholesterol, triglycerides and creatine kinase along with decreased RBC in which one of these disease processes?
Hypothyroidism
Two medications used to treat hyperparathyroidism and surgical intervention?
Calcitonin and Bisphosphonates or a parathyroidectomy
Treatment
Calcitriol (Calcium) and Vit D
Nursing care and intervention for a thyroidectomy
Monitor calcium levels due to possible parathyroid damage. Monitor RR, Semi-fowlers, have trach and suction at bedside.
Teaching for this medication
Take one hour before breakfast at the same time everyday. Never abruptly stop taking it. Don't double dose. It is a life long treatment.
What lab should the nurse monitor when a patient is on Synthroid?
TSH