Vocabulary
The ability to cause change or do work.
What is energy?
the type of potential energy an object has due to it's height above the ground
What is gravitational potential energy?
If there are two objects with the same mass, then the one that is _________________ will have more kinetic energy.
Moving Faster
An object has 5100 J of mechanical energy and 3510 J of kinetic energy, how much potential energy does it have?
1590 J
State the law of conservation of energy.
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It can only be transformed into other forms of energy.
Stored energy due to position
Gravitational potential energy
the type of potential energy found in springs and stretched rubberbands
What is elastic potential energy?
If two objects are moving at the same speed, then the one with __________ will have more kinetic energy.
more mass
Fill in the blank: _____________ energy can be all potential, all kinetic or some of both.
Mechanical energy
Write the formula for the conservation of mechanical energy.
mgh1+ 1/2mv12 + 1/2kx12 = mgh2+ 1/2mv22 + 1/2kx22
The energy an object has due to motion
What is kinetic energy?
How much energy does a 0.45 kg apple have that is hanging in a tree 5 m off the ground.
22.05 J
Fill in the blank: Kinetic energy depends on the ______________ and _______________ of the object.
Mass and velocity
As an object slides down a ramp, it loses ________________ energy and that energy becomes __________ energy.
(gravitational) potential
kinetic
There is a book sitting on top of a table. The book is knocked off the table and falls to the ground. Write an equation to calculate the velocity of the book as it hits the ground.
1/2mv^2 = mgh
The total kinetic and potential energy an object has is called ________
Mechanical energy
Two apples are hanging from a tree. How can you tell which one has more potential energy?
The apple that's higher up or the one with more mass will have more potential energy.
How much energy does a 1,300 kg car have speeding down Toledo at 22 m/s?
314,600 J
How much total energy does a 2.3 kg bird have that is flying 8 m above the ground with a speed of 8.8 m/s.
269.4 J
A spring-loaded popper toy is launched into the air. Write an equation to calculate is maximum height.
PEe = PEg
The SI unit of energy.
Joule
Your pencil and a math book are both on the table. Which has more potential energy? Explain.
The notebook because it has more mass than the pencil.
Where on a roller coaster track will the cart have the greatest amount of kinetic energy?
At the lowest point.
If a ball rolling down a ramp has 11.7 J of total mechanical energy and at the middle of the ramp has 6 J of kinetic energy, how much gravitational potential energy does it have at the middle of the ramp?
5.7 J
A moving car travels up a ramp and is stopped by a spring-like cushion. Write an equation to calculate the original speed of the car.
KE = PEg + PEe