Types of Energy
The ability to do work is called
Energy
What are the states of matter?
Solid, liquid and gas
What is a physical and chemical change?
Physical-Remains the same substance-looks differently
Chemical-becomes a new substance
Difference between climate and weather
Climate-averages of temperature and precipitation over time of an area.
Weather-Temperature and precipitation over a short period of time of an area
What type of precipitation can be dangerous to people on a warm day?
Hail
Energy that travels in vibrations through matter.
Sound Energy
Which state of matter has the most energy?
Gas
What do you need for a gas to change into a liquid?
Cold air-condenses (condesation)
What is humidity?
Moisture in the air
What is used to measure mass?
A balance scale
Has moving parts.
Mechanical Energy
Give 3 characteristics for the 3 states of matter
Liquid-definite volume, takes shape of container
Solid-definite volume and definite shape
Gas-no definite volume and fills container
Name 3 physical changes and what causes the change?
Evaporation-increase in temperature
Condensation-Cold air
Melting- increase in temperature
Freezing-decrease in temperature
Name 3 weather tools and what they measure
thermometer-temperature, barometer-air pressure, hygrometer-humidity, wind vane-direction, anemometer-wind speed
Name 1 item that is more dense than water and 1 that is less dense than water.
Floats in water-less dense
Sinks- more dense
What happens when light hits matter (3)
Bend-refract
Bounce back-Reflect
Absorb
What is the difference between a mixture and solution and give an example of each
Mixture-Easily separated- cereal, sand and shells
Solution-Not easily seperated-disolved and makes a new substance-lemonade, salt water
Name 3 examples of chemical change and what causes the changes?
burnt paper, rusty bike, rotted food, digested food
Name 4 types of clouds and the weather they bring
Cirrus--fair weather that could change in 24 hours , Cumulus-Fair and sunny, Cumulonimbus storms, stratus-gray rain
Name and define 3 types of variables in an experiment.
Controlled-stays the same
Dependent-measured
Independent-what changes
Name 2 Conductors and 2 insulators
Conductors-metal, copper
Insulators-wood, paper, plastic
What are 3 ways two separate mixtures and describe each method
floatation- separated by density in water
sieving- small holes to separate
filtration-tiny wholes for microscopic separation-germs, dust
magnetic-metals attracted to magnet
sedimentation-falls to the bottom
What are 5 causes of chemical change?
Baking, cooking, burning, digesting, rusting, rotting
What clouds and weather would low and high pressure bring?
Low-stratus,cirrus, cold rain or snow
High-cumulus, cirrus, sunny fair weather
Name and describe 3 ways to categorize a mineral
Luster-hold up to light
Hardness-rub together
Cleavage-look at break lines
Streak-scrape across a tile and look at color