1
Ancient organisms that eventually formed fossil fuels lived:
A. 100 years ago
B. Thousands of years ago
C. Hundreds of millions of years ago
D. In the time of early humans
Answer: C. Hundreds of millions of years ago
Compare the movements of the Earth;
Rotation with Revolution
Answer: Rotation is the movement of an object spinning around its own axis. For example, Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours, which causes day and night.
Revolution is the movement of an object traveling around another object. For example, Earth revolves around the Sun once every 365 days, which results in a year.
When fossil fuels are burned, the chemical energy is usually transformed into:
A. Electrical energy
B. Water energy
C. Solar energy
D. Sound energy
Answer: A Electrical energy
How many days has Earth completed its revolution around the sun?
Answer: 365 days
Where can the asteroid belt be found in our solar system?
Answer: The asteroid belt located between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter in the solar system.
Explain why the Sun is considered the source of most energy on Earth?
Answer: The Sun provides heat and light that drive wind, water cycles, and plant growth
Why are fossil fuels called “fossil” fuels?
A. They are found in fossils
B. They form from decomposed remains of dead organisms
C. They are made in factories
D. They are found only in deserts
Answer: B They form from decomposed remains of dead organisms
Describe the composition and characteristics of an atmosphere.
Answer: It contains a mixture of gases, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, along with smaller amounts of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases.
Air pressure decreases as altitude increases.
What percentage of the atmosphere is oxygen?
A. 78%
B. 50%
C. 21%
D. 1%
Answer: C 21%
TRUE OR FALSE;
The moon produced its own light.
Answer: FALSE
The Moon does not produce its own light; it reflects light from the Sun
Which statement about fossil fuels is TRUE?
A. They are renewable
B. They form quickly
C. They can be solid, liquid, or gas
D. They are mostly made of metals
Answer: C They can be solid, liquid, or gas
Describe the role of gravity in the formation of the solar system and the motion of planets?
Answer: Gravity causes matter to clump together to form the Sun and planets and keeps planets in orbit around the Sun.
Which layer contains the ozone layer?
A. Mesosphere
B. Exosphere
C. Stratosphere
D. Thermosphere
Answer: C Stratosphere
In which layer does weather occur?
A. Stratosphere
B. Mesosphere
C. Thermosphere
D. Troposphere
Answer: D Troposphere
What happens to air pressure as altitude increases?
A. It increases steadily
B. It decreases steadily
C. It stays the same
D. It rises, then falls
Answer: B It decreases steadily
Explain how radiation, conduction, and convection work together to distribute Earth’s energy through the atmosphere?
Answer: Radiation from the Sun heats Earth’s surface, conduction transfers heat from the ground to the air, and convection moves warm air upward to spread energy through the atmosphere.
Which of the following best explains why the Moon appears to change shape over the course of a month?
a. The Moon changes its own shape as it rotates.
b. The Sun shines on different parts of the Moon as the Moon orbits the Earth.
c. The Earth's shadow completely covers the Moon every night.
d. The Moon grows and shrinks because it is moving closer to and farther from the Sun.
Answer: b. The Sun shines on different parts of the Moon as the Moon orbits the Earth.
Breathing becomes difficult at high altitudes because:
A. There is more oxygen
B. Air pressure is very low
C. The temperature is higher
D. Winds blow downward
Answer: B
Answer: B. Air pressure is very low
What do plants use from the Sun to make food?
A. UV light
B. Visible light
C. Infrared radiation
D. X-rays
Answer: B Visible light
Why is air pressure greatest at Earth’s surface?
A. Sunlight heats the air
B. There is more dust
C. All the air above presses down
D. Gravity is weaker
Answer: C All the air above presses down
What does a barometer measure?
A. Temperature
B. Wind direction
C. Air pressure
D. Humidity
Answer: C Air pressure
Which is the outermost layer of the atmosphere?
A. Troposphere
B. Exosphere
C. Thermosphere
D. Mesosphere
Answer: B Exosphere
Where is temperature warmest near Earth?
A. At 10 km
B. At 20 km
C. At the ground
D. In the mesosphere
Answer: C At the ground
Which type of sunlight cannot be seen or felt, but still affects humans?
A. Visible light
B. Infrared
C. UV light
D. Microwaves
Answer: C UV light
What is the atmosphere?
A. The solid layer of Earth
B. The envelope of gases surrounding Earth
C. Earth’s magnetic field
D. A layer of clouds
Answer: B The envelope of gases surrounding Earth