Fossil Fuels
List and briefly describe 3 strategies for managing energy security
Any 3 of the following:
•increasing energy efficiency
•increasing energy production
•reducing reliance on fossil fuels
•investing in renewable resources and carbon neutral fuels
•development of alternative energy technologies: wind power, geothermal, biomass
•investment in local energy projects
•rationing
Give 2 Economic factors of energy insecurity
High energy prices due to market fluctuations or resource scarcity. --Poverty and low income levels limiting affordability of energy. --Inefficient energy usage and lack of investment in energy efficiency measures.
Wave or tidal power are not possible for a country located in this area.
What is a land-locked area (or not coastal)?
They were formed 300 million years ago.
How old are fossil fuels?
This is the name for a method of capturing energy through using buildings or panels to capture and store heat.
What is solar power/energy
Give and example of Small Scale vs. Large Scale Energy Conservation
Small Scale: --Lowering thermostat to use less heat or use AC less often--Conserving water with native plants instead of grass, low flow shower heads, efficient toilets, dishwashers, dryers--Energy efficient appliances, better insulation to keep more heat in home
Large Scale:Improving fuel efficiency standards--Subsidizing electric vehicles, charging stations, and hybrids--Increased public transport, green building design
Explain an example of a governance factor of energy insecurity
Poor energy policy and regulation --Lack of investment in renewable energy sources --Corruption and mismanagement within the energy sector
These convert solar radiation into energy using chemical energy.
What are solar-photovoltaic cells (solar panels)?
A form of renewable energy harnessed from the movement of ocean tides, caused by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, while wave energy captures the energy generated by ocean waves, which are primarily created by wind interacting with the water surface
What is a tidal energy?
This is energy harnessed from the movement of water through rivers, lakes and dams to power turbines to generate electricity.
What is hydroelectric power?
What are 2 possible social impacts of energy insecurity?
Energy poverty, where people cannot afford basic energy needs for heating and lighting. --Social unrest and conflict due to frustration over energy access and affordability--Disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations like the elderly and low-income households
Using examples explain the difference between renewable and non renewable energy resources
Renewable energy sources are natural resources that can replenish themselves over a relatively short period of time, like sunlight, wind, and water, while nonrenewable energy sources are finite and cannot be replaced quickly
Organic life which thrived millions of years ago and then which was compressed and decomposed is really what type of stored energy? (originally)
What is stored (as chemical) solar energy?
The transport and capture of energy by ocean surface waves.
What is Wave Energy
This resource is abundant in tar sands, and it is used to make roads.
What is bitumen (petroleum/crude oil---also used to make gasoline, kerosine, heating oil)?
How could energy insecurity impact health?
--Respiratory issues due to indoor air pollution from inefficient burning of fuels --Heat stress during extreme weather events due to lack of cooling options --Mental health impacts from stress related to energy affordability
These are two drawbacks or disadvantages to hydropower.
Forces relocation of people and animals--May change the temperature and flow of water--May cause low level of dissolved oxygen in water--Disturb river habitats and fish populations--May create methane--Expensive--Affected by droughts
Give an advantage and a disadvantage of geothermal power
Advantages
Renewable resource--Creates smaller amounts of CO2 and sulfur components than fossil fuels--Great for heating and cooling--Its use does not burn fuels--Has small footprint on land--Reliable and predictable source of energy
Disadvantages
In extreme cases geothermal power plants may cause earthquakes--Heavy upfront costs--Sustainable only if reservoirs are properly managed
How does energy insecurity affect the environment?
Increased reliance on fossil fuels leading to higher greenhouse gas emissions --Unsustainable exploitation of energy resources --Degradation of air and water quality due to energy production activities
Oily plants such as the soybean and oil palm contribute to this type of renewable energy source usually used in vehicles.
What is biodiesel (a form of biofuel)?