Energy/ATP
Name two ways that cells use the energy provided by ATP.
What are active transport, synthesis of proteins, chemical reactions, responses to chemical signals, movement, etc.?
Proteins that function as catalysts to speed up a chemical reaction.
What are enzymes?
Where is chlorophyll located in the chloroplast?
What is in the photosystems of the thylakoid membrane?
Produced by plants, this nutrient provides a quick supply of energy.
What are sugars/carbs?
Where do the light reactions take place?
What is in the thylakoid membranes of the thylakoids in the chloroplast?
What is the difference between ATP and ADP?
What is ATP has three (3) phosphates and would be considered "fully charged" while ADP has two (2) phosphates and would be considered "half charged"?
The energy that must be added to cause molecules to react with one another. Enzymes lower this for the organism.
What is energy of activation?
The various structures of the chloroplast (breakfast analogy)
1. Flat structure is a single pancake,
2. A stack of pancakes, and
3. the fluid-filled portion of the chloroplast surrounding these structures... the syrup.
What are the proper names for these three structures?
What is the thylakoid, granum, and stroma, respectively?
These two types of micronutrients are vital to living organisms in small doses.
What are vitamins and minerals?
What is another name for the light-independent reactions?
What is the Calvin Cycle?
How does a molecule of ATP release energy?
What is by breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups?
Enzymes unfolding or changing shape
What is denaturing?
Why do the leaves of a plant appear green?
What is because chlorophyll reflects green light?
Besides coating cells via the cell membrane and helping with insulation, this organic molecule can be saturated or unsaturated.
What are fats/lipids?
What reactant enters into the light-independent reactions and what product is produced?
What is carbon dioxide enters and glucose is produced?
What does ATP stand for?
What is Adenosine Triphosphate?
List two examples that can potentially effect the speed of an enzyme.
What is temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme activation, enzyme inhibition, enzyme cofactors?
Red, White, and Blue do it Best!
What is chlorophyll reflects green light from the visible spectrum and absorbs all other colors of light which provides the energy needed to excite (provide energy to) its electrons?
Measurement of the potential energy in food.
What is a Calorie?
What two high energy molecules are produced as result of the light-dependent reactions?
What are ATP and NADPH?
What are the three main components of an ATP molecule?
What are adenine, ribose, and (3) three phosphate groups?
Fill in the blank:
In cellular metabolism, when molecules are broken down it is called a ___________ reaction, and when molecules are built up it is called a _____________ reaction.
What is digestive (catabolic) and synthesis (anabolic)?
These structures provide a plant with the ability to maintain homeostasis in preventing water loss.
What are guard cells closing (shutting) the stomates during hot temperatures throughout the day?
The sum of combing monosaccharides Glucose + Fructose = ________________
What is Sucrose or Disaccharide?
What reactant enters into the light-dependent reactions and which product is produced as a result?
What is water enters in and oxygen is produced?