Carbon Cycle
During ___________, plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and convert it into glucose.
photosynthesis
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into ___________.
ammonia
Pyramids of numbers represent the ___________ of organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem.
quantity
The first trophic level in a food chain or food web is occupied by ___________.
primary producers/autotrophs
In a ___________, organisms are linked together in a linear sequence, showing the transfer of energy from one organism to another.
food chain
The process by which living organisms release energy from glucose and produce carbon dioxide is called ___________.
cellular respiration
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, found in the roots of certain plants, convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use called ___________.
ammonium
The ___________ pyramid shows the total dry weight of organisms at each trophic level.
biomass
Herbivores, which consume plants, occupy the ___________ trophic level.
second
A ___________ is a network of interconnected food chains that shows the complex feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
food web
Human activities, such as burning fossil fuels, release large amounts of ___________ into the atmosphere.
carbon dioxide
Nitrification is the process by which ammonium is converted into ___________ by nitrifying bacteria.
nitrate
The ___________ represents the flow of energy from one trophic level to another in an ecosystem.
pyramid of energy
Carnivores that feed on herbivores are typically found at the ___________ trophic level.
third
In a food chain, arrows are used to represent the direction of ___________ transfer between trophic levels.
energy
The carbon cycle helps to regulate Earth's climate by balancing the levels of carbon dioxide through processes like ___________ and respiration.
photosynthesis
Denitrification is the process by which nitrates are converted back into atmospheric nitrogen by ___________ bacteria.
denitrifying
In a pyramid of energy, the ___________ trophic level typically has the highest energy content.
lowest/bottom
Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, occupy the ___________ trophic level.
final/last
___________ are organisms that break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Decomposers
The carbon cycle is the process through which carbon atoms are exchanged between ___________, the atmosphere, oceans, and the Earth's crust.
living organisms
The nitrogen cycle plays a crucial role in ecosystems as it ensures that nitrogen is available for the formation of ___________, which are important building blocks of proteins and DNA.
amino acids
The ___________ shows the number of individuals at each trophic level in an ecosystem.
pyramid of numbers
As energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, there is a decrease in ___________.
available energy
In a food web, an organism that eats both plants and animals is called a ___________.
omnivore