Energy Flow
Which way do the arrows point in a food chain?
in the direction of energy flow, from the organism being eaten to the organism that eats it
What is another name for the Light-Dependent Reactions?
ETC (electron transport chain)
Where in the cell does glycolysis occur?
cytoplasm
The direct source of energy for cell processes
ATP
What happens to the amount of energy available to each trophic level as it moves up to different levels?
It decreases by 90% (only 10% moves to the next level)
What is another name for the Light-Independent Reactions?
Calvin Cycle
How many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis?
2 ATP molecules
A byproduct in anaerobic respiration in humans is
lactic acid
Explain the importance of decomposers to an ecosystem.
they return nutrients from dead organisms to the soil
1. What provides energy for the light-dependent reactions?
2. What provides energy for the light-independent reactions?
1. the sun
2. ATP and NADPH
List the two steps of aerobic cellular respiration in order
1. Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
2. ETC (electron transport chain)
Another name for anaerobic respiration is
fermentation
Define heterotroph and autotroph. Provide an example of each.
autotroph makes its own food = sunflower
heterotroph consumes other organisms for energy = humans
Write out the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis. Label the products and the reactants. (This should be the chemical formulas, not words)
6CO2 + 6H20 --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
REACTANTS --> PRODUCTS
What is the purpose of the pre-step glycolysis in cellular respiration?
to split glucose into to pyruvate molcules, produce ATP and NADH
The step in photosynthesis and cellular respiration where energy-carrying molecules are formed
ETC
Draw an example of a trophic pyramid that includes the following organisms: seeds, mice, and hawks.
Include: the name of the organism, the name of the trophic level, and the percentage of energy available at each level.
hawks - 1% - secondary consumer
mice - 10% - primary consumer
seeds - 100% - producer
This is the process that an organism uses to make its own energy when it can't do photosynthesis to get energy.
chemosynthesis
What are the two types of anaerobic respiration? How much energy is produced from this type of respiration?
lactic acid and alcohol fermentation
2 ATP molecules are produced in each
An anaerobic step in cellular respiration before the cell decides if it will go through fermentation or the Krebs Cycle and ETC is
glycolysis