Energy Forms
What is thermal energy?
Heat
What happens to the energy of a ball as it is thrown?
It changes from potential to kinetic
What energy transformation occurs in a lamp?
Electrical to radiant and thermal
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
What is kinetic energy?
Energy of motion
What is chemical energy?
Energy stored in chemical bonds.
Explain how wind turbines generate electricity
The wind moves the turbine (kinetic energy) which goes to a generator, allowing it to be turned into electrical energy
What energy transformation happens in a car engine?
It converts chemical energy from fuel into kinetic energy.
Why can energy not be created or destroyed?
Because the total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant.
What is potential energy?
Stored energy
What is electrical energy?
Energy from flowing electrons
What is the energy transformation of a camp fire?
Chemical energy to radiant and thermal energy
Describe how energy transforms when you eat food.
Chemical energy in food is converted into kinetic energy and thermal energy.
Give an example of energy conservation.
Turning off lights when not in use.
Name an example of kinetic energy and potential energy
Kinetic: Moving water, kicking soccer balls, object falling, etc
Potential: Boulder at top of hill, book on shelf, water at top of waterfall
What are two types of potential energy?
Elastic, gravitational, chemical
Explain the energy transfer of a roller coaster
Starts with potential energy, as the roller coaster moves, its speed increases so its kinetic energy increases. As the roller coaster moves up, it loses kinetic energy and gains potential energy
Explain the energy transformations that occur when a match is struck.
Kinetic (motion) -> thermal -> chemical -> light and thermal
How does this law apply to a pendulum?
The energy transforms between potential and kinetic energy but the total remains constant.
What two variables impact kinetic energy?
Mass and speed
What are two types of kinetic energy
motion, thermal energy, electrical
What energy transformations occur in a battery?
Chemical and electrical energy
Explain the energy transformation of fireworks.
Chemical → Kinetic → Potential → Light + Sound + Heat
Explain how energy pyramids are related to the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Total energy goes to the producers which create food (chemical energy) through photosynthesis (chemical reaction). As you move up the steps in a trophic level 10% of the energy gets passed on while 90% is transformed into heat. The total energy stays the same.
What two variables impact potential energy?
Mass and height