Metabolism
Pyruvate
(Also generates a net 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 H+ ions & other building blocks to be used later)
T/F: the pathway used to metabolize PRO requires glucose
True
(glucose also required for FAT metabolism)
T/F: the source of fat required for FAT metabolism is dietary
False
The site(s) where ETOH metabolism occurs is
Stomach & liver cells
The end product of metabolism
ATP
to act as carriers that pick up H+ ions & electrons
The sources of AAs that lead to PRO metabolism
Liver and muscle stores
The process by which glycerol is broken off and 3 fatty acids are left to their own devices
Lipolysis
(breakdown of triglycerides)
The toxin in alcohol
Acetaldehyde
The types of reactions involved in metabolism
The 2 enzymes required for all reactions
Niacin and Riboflavin
(both are B-vits - why is this significant?)
The part of an AA that can undergo further reactions
Carbon skeleton
The molecule that is required for Acetyl-CoA produced from beta-oxidation to enter the TCA cycle & other pathways
Oxygen
The compound that acetaldehyde is converted into that can lead to an accumulation of ketones
Acetyl-CoA
The way we get energy from ATP
breaking off a phosphate group
The process by which lactate is converted back into pyruvate to be made into glucose, allowing glycolysis to begin again when more O2 is present
Cori Cycle
The result of an overconsumption of PRO is an increase in what compound
Acetyl-CoA
(this is then converted into what?)
The reason why glucose is necessary for FA oxidation
The accumulation of Acetyl-CoA
T/F: Alcohol can be metabolized just like fatty acids are metabolized
True
The type of metabolism that occurs in the cytoplasm when O2 is limited or when certain cells (RBCs) require it
Anaerobic metabolism
Symptoms of fatigue and lethargy are indicative of a deficiency of what micronutrient? (has to do with ETC)
The compound that is toxic to cells and must be removed from the body during PRO metabolism
(why is it NOT urea?)
Type 1 Diabetes are susceptible to this condition when they go a long time without insulin
Diabetic ketoacidosis
The only time acetaldehyde can be converted into a small amount of acetyl-CoA that enters the TCA cycle is when an individual _____
drinks in moderation