ATP and energy sources
What does ATP Stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is the length of time that the ATP-PCR system can be used before transitioning to the next energy system?
0-15 seconds
What is the length of time that the lactic acid system can be used before transitioning to the next energy system?
up to 90 seconds
What time frames can this energy system be used and for how long?
90 seconds and over
What is Carbohydrates, proteins and fats broken down into? Note* they're all broken down into different things.
Carbohydrates: Glucose and glycogen
Protein: Amino acids
Fat: Triglycerides
For a near complete recovery of the ATP-PCR system how long would you need to rest?
Near-complete recovery: about 3–5 minutes
This energy system produces ATP primarily through the breakdown of glucose without sufficient oxygen.
Answer: Lactic acid/anaerobic glycolysis
Why is the aerobic system particularly suited to endurance activities?
Answer: It can produce large amounts of ATP over an extended period using oxygen.
Explain the different between essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids
Essential amino acids are consumed by food. Non-essential amino acids are produced by the body
This high-energy substance is broken down to rapidly resynthesise ATP during the ATP-PC system.
Answer: Phosphocreatine (PC)
This substance accumulates when anaerobic glycolysis is heavily relied upon and is associated with the burning sensation and fatigue during intense exercise.
Hydrogen ions (H⁺) / lactate-related accumulation
Explain why a soccer midfielder can rely increasingly on the aerobic system as a game progresses, despite performing repeated high-intensity efforts.
Answer: The aerobic system can continually resynthesise ATP during lower-intensity periods and recovery, helping restore energy stores and support repeated efforts over the duration of the game.
Explain the ATP-Cycle cycle - Note, Mr. Dennis will put up the image.
Listen to the response of the students
A netball player jumps for a rebound and immediately lands and changes direction. Explain why ATP-PC is important.
Answer: The movement is explosive and lasts only a few seconds, so stored ATP and PC rapidly resynthesise ATP to meet the immediate energy demand.
A 400 m runner finishes the race at very high intensity. Explain the role of anaerobic glycolysis.
It rapidly breaks down glucose/glycogen to produce ATP without requiring oxygen, supporting high-intensity exercise when ATP demand is greater than aerobic ATP production can immediately provide.
Explain the main differences between ATP-PCR/Lactic acid and the aerobic system?
The ATP-PC and lactic acid systems are anaerobic, meaning they do not require oxygen to produce ATP. They can provide energy quickly for high-intensity, short-duration activities. The aerobic system requires oxygen to produce ATP and is therefore better suited to lower-intensity, longer-duration activities.