Anaerobic
Aerobic
Various
Various
EPOC
100
Name the two anaerobic energy systems.
The ATP-PC system and the Lactic acid system.
100
Which energy system is the main producer of energy during a marathon?
Aerobic system
100
What is the difference between ATP and ADP?
ATP has 3 phosphate molecules, ADP has 2 phosphate molecules.
100
Which energy system is predonminant during a 100m race?
ATP-PC system
100
What does EPOC stand for?
Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption
200
What does PC stand for?
Phosphocreatine
200

What is a major byproduct of the Krebs (citric acid) cycle? 

CO2

200
What is ATP short for?
Adenosine triphosphate
200
Name the three substances which carbohydrates, fats and proteins are broken down into.
Glucose, fatty acids and amino acids
200

Name the two components of EPOC.

The fast (alactacid) component and the slow (lactacid) component.

300
Why is energy produced much more quickly from the PC system compared to the aerobic system?
Much less reactions take place in order to resynthesise ATP.
300
What chemical is produced as the end product of glycolysis?
Pyruvate (pyruvic acid)
300
During aerobic energy production energy is produced through the processes of glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain. Which of these also occurs in anaerobic energy production?
Glycolysis
300

How many molecules of ATP are produced from 1 molecule of glucose during aerobic energy production?

38 (net production)

300

What is created at the beginning of an exercise bout as anaerobic work is being done to meet immediate ATP demand? 

Oxygen defecit.

400
Explain how lactic acid is produced.
Lactic acid is produced when hydrogen ions released from glycolysis and Kreb's cycle join with pyruvic acid. This occurs when there is no longer oxygen molecules available to join with the hydrogen.
400

During some exercises, fatty acids will be metabolized after glycogen stores have been drained. Where do fatty acids enter the metabolic process? 

They are converted to Acetyl CO A and enter the Krebs - (they skip the beginning stages of clycolysis all together). 

400
Name 3 factors that affect your VO2 max.
Surface area of alveoli, red blood cell/haemoglobin levels, capillary density in lungs/muscles, transfer of O2 to mitochondria via myoglobin, take up and use of O2 by mitochondria.
400

Name 4 effects of training on the aerobic system

Cardiac hypertrophy, decreased HR, increased SV, increased capilliarisation of muscle, increased haemoglobin/myoglobin, increased number and size of mitochondia.

400

How long does it take to resynthesis 50 - 75% of PC levels?

1 minute

500
How many molecules of ATP are produced for every molecule of PC that is broken down?
one.
500
How many molecules of ATP are resynthesised for each molecule of glucose that is broken down during anaerobic energy production?
Two
500

What type of fuel is a boxer predominantly relying on in each 3 minute round of a match?  

glycogen

500

This is a high energy electron carrier produced in glycolysis.

What is NADH

500

Name several processes/systems EPOC aims to replenish or restore?

Resynthesising PC, resynthesising ATP, resaturating myoglobin with oxygen, Restoring glycogen stores, Flushing lactic acid, Restoring temperature and hormones to homeostasis

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