Energy requirements for
physical activity
physical activity
This simple sugar is what carbohydrates are broken down into during digestion
glucose
This three-letter abbreviation stands for the energy-rich molecule that powers all cellular activities
ATP
This chemical compound stores fuels the ATP-PC system.
Phosphocreatine
This term describes energy systems that resynthesise ATP without oxygen present.
Anaerobic
This element must be present for the aerobic system to resynthesise ATP
Oxygen
This stored form of carbohydrate is found mainly in muscles and provides energy for 60-120 minutes of exercise.
glycogen
This compound, along with three phosphate groups, makes up the structure of ATP
Adenosine
This number represents the maximum seconds of strenuous activity that PC stores can typically fuel
15
This stored form of carbohydrate in muscles and liver provides fuel for the lactic acid system
Glycogen
This number represents how many seconds of intense activity the body's stored ATP can fuel.
Two
This gas must be present for the body to harvest energy from fats during physical activity.
Oxygen
This three-letter abbreviation represents the molecule that remains after ATP releases its energy
ADP
This factor, along with duration, largely determines which energy system the body uses during activity.
Intensity
This number represents the maximum seconds that the lactic acid system can typically fuel high-intensity activity
90
This macronutrient is the preferred fuel source for the aerobic system during low-intensity activities like walking or if exercise duration is >1hour
Fat
These building blocks result from protein digestion and can be either essential or non-essential.
Amino Acids
These rod-shaped organelles are known as the powerhouses of the cell and produce ATP.
Mitochondria
This number represents how many minutes of rest are needed to completely restore depleted PC stores
Three
This organ converts lactate back to glucose and stores it as glycogen for future energy use
Liver
This macronutrient is only scarcely used to fuel ATP resynthesis as it is too inefficient for the movement required in most physical activities
Protein
This number represents how many kilojoules one gram of fat provides.
37kJ
This process describes when ADP and phosphate are remade into ATP using energy from food.
ATP Resynthesis
This organ, along with the kidneys, manufactures half of the body's PC stores.
Liver
This process describes the breakdown of glycogen to resynthesise ATP in the lactic acid system
Glycolysis
This harmless gas, along with water and heat, is a by-product that can be easily eliminated from the aerobic system
Carbon dioxide