Math of Motion (KE = 1/2 mv^2)
Graph That Energy!
Transformations (GPE --> KE)
Conservation and Dissipation
Real-World Test Scenarios
100
The mathematical formula used to calculate an object’s kinetic energy based on its mass and velocity.
What is KE = 1/2 mv2?
100
Maximum Potential Energy Point
What is point A?
100
The stored energy an object possesses due to its height above the ground.
What is Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE)?
100
This fundamental law states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed or transferred.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
100
A 1,000 kg car parked at the top of a hill vs. an identical 1,000 kg car driving at 15 m/s along a flat street. The moving car has more of this energy form.
What is Kinetic Energy?
200
If a delivery truck's mass is doubled while maintaining a constant highway speed, its kinetic energy changes by this factor.
What is 2 times (it doubles)?
200
Maximum Kinetic Energy Point
What is point D?
200
As a sledder slides down a steep snowy hill, their potential energy decreases while this form of energy increases.
What is Kinetic Energy (KE)?
200
When a driver slams on the brakes of a fast-moving car to stop, friction transforms the car's kinetic energy primarily into these two non-mechanical forms of energy.
What are Thermal Energy (heat) and Sound Energy?
200
A runaway delivery truck steers onto an emergency gravel safety ramp to stop. The truck's kinetic energy transforms into thermal energy through friction between these surfaces.
What are the tires, brakes, and gravel rocks?
300
If a race car doubles its speed down a straightaway from 20 m/s to 40 m/s, its kinetic energy increases by this factor.
What is 4 times (quadruples, because 22 = 4)?
300
The upward-curving line on a graph shows a an exponential relationship between KE and ________.
What is speed?
300
At the exact midpoint of a drop on a U-shaped ramp, an object possesses these two energy forms in equal amounts (assuming no friction).
What are Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy?
300
A roller coaster cart starts with 100 Joules of total potential energy at the peak of a hill. As it rolls down the track and comes to a complete stop, the total combined amount of energy (kinetic, potential, thermal, and sound) remaining in the system equals this value.
What is 100 Joules?
300
The exact kinetic energy of a 2 kg object moving at a velocity of 4 m/s.
What is 16 Joules? (1/2 x 2 x 42 = 16 J)
400
If a pitcher triples the speed of a thrown baseball from 10 m/s to 30 m/s, the ball's kinetic energy increases by this factor.
What is 9 times (32 = 9)?
400
The straight diagonal line on a graph shows a linear relationship between KE and ________.
What is mass?
400
To ensure a coaster car has enough energy to clear a loop, its starting hill must be built at this relative height compared to the loop.
What is higher/taller than the loop?
400
In a moving coaster system, an energy pie chart shows 50% Gravitational Potential Energy and 25% Kinetic Energy. According to energy conservation, the remaining percentage that has been transformed into Thermal Energy equals this.
What is 25%? (50% + 25% + 25% = 100%)
400
A 70 mph kicked soccer ball (0.43 kg) carries more kinetic energy than a 90 mph pitched baseball (0.14 kg) due to this specific variable.
What is the soccer ball's greater mass (over 3 times heavier)?
500
Between doubling an object's mass or doubling its speed, this variable causes a much greater increase in total kinetic energy, and why.
What is speed, because speed is squared in the kinetic energy formula?
500
Describe this graph
What is an exponential curve (KE vs Speed)?
500
The mathematical formula used to calculate Gravitational Potential Energy based on mass, gravity, and height.
What is GPE = mgh?
500
A skater starts at the top of a ramp with 500 Joules of Potential Energy. When they reach the bottom of the ramp, they have 400 Joules of Kinetic Energy. The amount of mechanical energy transformed into Thermal Energy by friction equals this exact value.
What is 100 Joules? (500 J − 400 J = 100 J)
500
If a 1,200 kg cart rolling at 8 m/s has 38,400 Joules of kinetic energy, its kinetic energy at double the speed (16 m/s) will equal this exact value.
What is 153,600 Joules (38,400 x 4 or 1/2 x 1200 x 16^2)?