Motion Commotion
What must happen for an object to be considered in motion?
Its position must change relative to its surroundings.
Kinetic energy is the energy of ________.
motion
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Which is a common example of chemical energy that involves lunch?
Digesting food in your stomach
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = ½ × mass × (speed)²
What is required to make an object start moving or change direction?
A force must be applied.
Gravitational potential energy depends on an object’s ______ and ______.
height and weight
Watching TikTok while charging your phone involves what sequence of energy changes?
Electrical → chemical → light, sound, and thermal
When a child jumps on a moving cart, what happens to the cart’s energy?
The kinetic energy increases.
What unit is energy measured in?
Joules (J)
True or False: An object is in motion only when energy is applied to it.
False
A basketball at the top of its arc has what kind of energy?
gravitational potential energy
When you eat food and then run, what transformation happens?
Chemical → mechanical
AirPods use what energy conversion to play music?
Electrical → sound
A car weighs 30 kg and moves at 12 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?
2160 J
What is the formula for calculating speed?
Speed = Distance ÷ Time
What happens to potential energy as an object falls?
It decreases while kinetic energy increases.
What happens to a car’s kinetic energy when it stops?
It transforms into heat through friction.
Where does a basketball have the most gravitational potential energy?
At the top of its arc
If a swing moves faster at the bottom, what happens to its kinetic energy?
It increases.
If an object moves 20 meters in 5 seconds, what is its speed?
4 m/s
Calculate the potential energy of a 5 kg ball 4 m high (g = 10).
200 J
A light bulb converts what kind of energy into light and heat?
Electrical energy
Why does burning fuel power a car’s engine?
Chemical energy transforms into mechanical and thermal energy.
Why does a heavier object have more potential energy than a lighter one at the same height?
Gravitational potential energy (GPE) depends on mass and height.