Movement & Energy
What is kinetic energy?
The energy an object has because of its motion.
Define energy transfer
Energy moving from one object to another
True or false:
Heat energy and cold energy are both types of energy.
FALSE--there is no such thing as "cold energy."
What is the definition of energy conversion?
Energy changing from one form to another
Energy is defined as ___ or ___
the ability to do work or cause change
What 2 variables affect the amount of energy in an object?
mass, speed
When 2 objects collide, some of the energy is transferred to the surrounding air. As a result, the air gets heated and ___ is produced.
sound
True or false:
The wall outlet generates electric energy.
False--the energy has been transferred to the wall outlet through a series of wires.
Kinetic energy to heat energy
Name 3 forms of energy we have studied.
Sound, heat, light, electricity, kinetic
What is potential energy?
Potential energy is the stored energy of an object due to its position or condition in a system, such as a marble sitting at the top of a ramp.
True or false:
Different materials transfer heat energy at varying rates.
True
Two variables that may have occurred in the investigation where two sticks were rubbed together included the speed of the motion and the pressure applied to the sticks. What type of energy was converted to heat energy?
Kinetic energy (motion)
True or false:
Energy can change from one form to another.
True: Motion to heat; light to heat; electricity to light; etc.
Name 2 components which must be present for electrical energy to be transferred.
Energy source
Complete or closed circuit--everything is connected
Load (light bulb, buzzer, etc.)
Wires to conduct electricity from one component to another
How does changing the speed of an object affect the amount of energy transferred?
Increasing the speed will increase the energy being transferred.
We know that energy transfer has occurred when we observe ___.
Vibration, change of shape, or sound
In the ice cube investigation, the heat energy transferred from the counter to melt the ice. What part did the paper towels play?
They provided insulation, thus slowing the transfer of heat and the melting process.
Describe a conversion of energy which you observed in the popcorn investigation.
Electricity to heat energy
Electricity to kinetic energy
List two ways we can observe that energy is present.
Energy is present whenever there is movement, sound, light, or heat.
If 2 objects are in motion when a collision occurs, what will happen to the object with less mass?
Following the collision, it will either stop or be moved backward due to the energy transferred by the object with greater mass.
Describe the transfer of energy that we observed in the popcorn popper experiment.
Electric energy was accessed through the wall outlet. It then traveled through wires in the cord to power the motor, which heated and moved the kernels until they popped.
How does sound energy transfer?
By creating vibrations which may travel along a conduit such as a string or simply through the air
When the marbles collided with each other, another form of energy was a result. What was it?
Sound energy
Define and give an example of a fair investigation.
Only one variable can be changed each time the investigation is repeated.
Examples will vary.