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which one is most commonly used around the world?
Celsius or Fahrenheit
Celsius
If you imagine a drop of water about to fall down a waterfall, at the top of the waterfall the drop of water has this kind of energy.
Potential Energy
what are Joules used to measure ?
Thermal energy
What variables effect kinetic energy
mass and speed
the total amount of energy that comes from a substance whose molecules are vibrating faster due to a rise in temperature.
thermal energy
name the 6 forms of energy we've discussed in notes
mechanical, sound, chemical, thermal, electromagnetic, and nuclear
energy efficiency
the amount of usable energy after an energy transformation
Explain the energy transfer when lighting a match
starts with potential energy because of its chemical makeup then once you light the match. The energy transfers to kinetic energy and electromagnetic (light) / thermal (heat)
what can you do to an object to raise its potential energy?
elevate its height
energy that is required to move objects.
Mechanical Energy
Explain The Law of Conservation of Energy
energy is never created or destroyed, it is only changed from one form to another
what are two differences between temperature and thermal energy ?
temperature is the average kinetic energy. can be measured in negative values. Fahrenheit and Celsius scale
thermal energy is the total amount of kinetic energy. depends on quantity. measured in joules
Define heat
the flow of energy from an object with higher temperature to an object with lower temperature
describe the kinetic theory of matter and how the particles move in each state
all of the particles that make up matter are in constant motion
solids vibrate liquids move past each other and gases move freely
define nuclear energy
the large amount of energy held at the nucleus of an atom. happens when an atom is too big and splits or when two smaller atoms combine.
explain how a hot air balloon is an example of convection
the heater causes hot air to be trapped inside the balloon causing it to raise.
what is the difference between conductors and insulators? give examples
conductors - materials that transfer energy easily for example most metals , wood, rubber etc
insulators - materials that does not transfer energy easily for example styrofoam, cotton, glass, plastic
what is the zero point in the Celsius scale?
the freezing point of water
Explain the energy transfer when kicking a soccer ball. What happens to the energy when it stops on its own?
chemical to mechanical, potential to kinetic.
The energy the ball loses, in turn, is equal to the amount of energy that is transferred to the universe as sound energy and heat as the ball slows down.
What are 4 examples of electromagnetic energy?
visible light, microwaves, uv rays, x rays, light bulbs etc
Define 3 of the forms of energy give 1 example each
answers vary
In Celsius at what degrees do water boil and freeze?
boils at 100 freezes at 0
explain specific heat
the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree
A firecracker transforms _______energy to _____ ,________, & ________
chemical to thermal, sound, and radiant (electromagnetic)