Grammar
In relative clauses, what relative pronouns are used for people, things, places and time?
Who and that > People
Which and that > things
Where > Place
When > Time
True or False
Defining relative clauses provide extra information about one element in the main sentence. Commas are not used.
False
Defining relative clauses provide NECESSARY information.
True or False
Non-defining relative clauses provide extra information and they are separated from the main clause by commas.
True
What type of relative clauses (sentences) can present participle clauses replace?
Present participle clauses can replace active voice relative clauses (sentences) in simple or continous sentences.
What type of relative clauses (sentences) can past participle clauses replace?
Past participle clauses can replace Passive Voice relative clauses (or passive sentnces)
In relative clauses, what relative pronouns are used for people when they are the object of the sentence?
Whom
Choose the option that is not possible:
Do you have those 500$ which/ that /when I lent you last week?
when
Complete the sentence with a relative pronoun:
The European University of Madrid, ______ Elite was filmed, is very close to my aunt's house.
where
Turn this sentence into a present participle clause.
The girl who is sitting on that bench is my cousin.The girl sitting on that bench is my cousin.
Turn this sentence into a past participle clause.
The French fries which were made in the air-frier are more delicious.
The French fries made in the air-frier are more delicious.
True or False
The relative pronouns That and Which are used to substitute things in a non-defining relative clause.
False
The relative pronoun That is not used in non-defining relative clauses.
Choose the option which is not possible:
This is the phone which/where/that I got for my birthday.
where
My neighbour, _______ dog is a Saint Bernard, is very nice.
whose
Turn this sentence into a present participle clause.
The people who live in the city contribute to the air pollution.
The people living in the city contribute to the air pollution.
Turn this sentence into a past participle clause.
The driver who was blinded by the sun couldn't see the traffic light.
The driver blinded by the sun couldn't see the traffic light.
True or False
Participle clauses can substitute a relative pronoun and an auxiliary verb.
True
Example:
The vase which was made in China didn't last.
>The vase made in China didn't last.
Use these two sentences to make a relative clause. Tell the teacher if it is possible to ommit the relative pronoun or not.
My sister broke the mirror. The mirror was a wedding present.
My sister broke the mirror which/that was a wedding present.
>The relative pronoun cannot be ommitted
Use these two sentences to make a relative clause. (specify where you need to use commas)
The book is about a murder on the Nile. It was written by Agatha Christie.
The book, which is about a murder on the Nile, was written by Agatha Christie.
or
The book, which was written by Agatha Christie, is about a murder on the Nile.
Turn these sentences into a present participle clause.
The girl stole my sandwich. The girl was wearing a hat.
The girl wearing a hat stole my sandwich.
Turn these sentences into a past participle clause.
The students were surprised by the thunderstorm. They stayed at school.
The students surprised by the thunderstorm stayed at school.
True or False
Relative pronouns can be omitted if they are the subject of the relative clause.
False
Relative pronouns can ONLY be omitted if they are the objects of the relative clause.
Example: The pizza (that) you made was delicious.
>THAT can be omitted because the subject is YOU
Use these two sentences to make a relative clause. Tell the teacher if it is possible to ommit the relative pronoun or not.
I bought the book. My best friend had recommended the book.
I bought the book (which/that) my best friend had recommended.
>The relative pronoun can be omitted.
Use these two sentences to make a relative clause. (specify where you need to use commas)
Steven Spielberg lives in Hollywood. He is a famous film director.
Steven Spielberg, who lives in Hollywood, is a famous film director.
or
Steven Spielberg, who is a famous film director, lives in Hollywood.
Turn these sentences into a present participle clause.
The students were at school. They watched the thunderstorm.
The students being at school watched the thunderstorm.
Turn these sentences into a past participle clause.
Juanpa Zurita stars in Luis Miguel: The series. Many people follow Juanpa Zurita on IG
Juanpa Zurita, followed by many people on IG, stars in Luis Miguel: The series.
Followed by many people on IG, Juanpa Zurita stars in Luis Miguel: The series.
>These two could also be possible but you were required a past participle clause, not present participle
Juanpa Zurita, being followed by many people on IG, stars in Luis Miguel: The series.
Being followed by many people on IG, Juanpa Zurita stars in Luis Miguel: The series.