Name the fallacy
This is a conclusion based on the premise that if A happens, then eventually through a series of small steps, through B, C,..., X, Y, Z will happen, too, basically equating A and Z.
What is slippery slope?
The fallacy that uses the logic of “that’s how it’s always been, so that’s how it should be.”
What is appeal to tradition?
Just say no to drugs!
What is oversimplification?
It’s okay to cheat on exams because everybody does it.
What is bandwagon?
The method of reasoning that moves from the specific to the general
Inductive Reasoning
An appeal that presents what most people, or a group of people think, in order to persuade one to think the same way.
What is bandwagon?
This is a conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence.
What is hasty generalization?
Every time I wash my car, it rains.
What is false cause?
If you miss practice, it means you were probably goofing off. People who goof off drop out of school and end up broke.
What is slippery slope?
The method of reasoning that moves from general ideas to specific conclusions
Deductive Reasoning
An attack on the character of a person rather than his or her opinions or arguments.
What is ad hominem?
This is a conclusion that oversimplifies the argument by reducing it to only two sides or choices.
What is false dilemma?
I visited New York for the first time, and man, New Yorkers are so mean.
What is hasty generalization?
If you want our country to be safe, we must increase military spending.
What is false dilemma?
The more traditional 7-part logical arrangement that moves from introduction → background info → proposition → proof/confirmation → refutation → concession → conclusion
The Classical Arrangement
This is a conclusion that assumes that if 'A' occurred after 'B' then 'B' must have caused 'A.'
What is false cause?
This fallacy restates the argument rather than actually proving it.
What is begging the question?
Avatar is the greatest movie ever made because it is the number one top grossing movie of all time.
What is begging the question?
"You cheated and lied to your wife, but you expect the jury to believe you now?"
What is ad hominem?
The name of the logical arrangement that seeks to establish common ground with an opposing argument, moving from the introduction → concessions → thesis → supporting evidence → conclusion
A diversionary tactic that avoids the key issues, often by avoiding opposing arguments rather than addressing them.
What is red herring?
Occurs when someone connects an opponent to a negatively-viewed group of people or person in order to discredit his or her argument.
What is guilt by association?
Because you borrowed my psych notes, I flunked my Spanish test!
What is non sequitur?
"Why are you pulling me over for speeding? Shouldn’t you be out catching the real criminals? Someone could be robbing a bank as we speak!"
What is red herring?
An argument that applies deductive reasoning with a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion.
Syllogism