Airframe Components and Flight Controls
The main geometric shape in a Truss Fuselage
What is a Triangle
Allows operation on both land and water
What is Amphibious Landing Gear
This Component joins the Piston to the Crankshaft
What is a Connecting Rod
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
What is Newton's THIRD law
The inlet section of a turbine engine utilizes this type of duct to lower the inlet airs velocity and increase the air pressure
What is a Divergent Duct
What is EGT
"_____" Measures the Fan speed in a turbofan engine
What is N1
For a Propeller to Spin Faster, the blade angle needs to be "_____" (increased or decreased)
What is Decreased
A network of perishable plastic lines is the main "______" (Advantage/Disadvantage) of traditional pitot static systems
what is Disadvantage
A Type of wing with strong enough structure requiring no outside support
What is Full Cantilever
The most widely used shock absorbing landing gear type
What is an Oleo Shock Strut
Composed of an aluminum head and steel barrel, this component forms a chamber where the fuel/air mixture is compressed and burned
What is a cylinder assembly
Every object moves in a straight line unless acted upon by a force
What is Newton's FIRST Law
Used to remove ice forming on the air inlet this device inflates using the engines bleed air
What is an inflatable boot
The Turbine Hot Section utilizes this type of duct to increase air velocity, while decreasing air pressure
What is a Convergent Duct
Also Known as the "Gas Generator Speed"
What is Ng
The propeller RPM "______" (Increases/Decreases) as the propeller lever is pushed forward
What is Increases
Oxygen tanks on board aircraft are identified as "Aviators Breathing Oxygen and are "_______" in colour.
What is Green
Detachable panels covering the engine and its accessories
What is Cowling
Used for either ice or snow or both
what is a wheel ski
Houses the lower engine components and creates a tight seal for lubricating oils
What is the Crankcase
This type of duct decreases velocity and increases pressure
What is a Divergent Duct
This type of compressor functions by picking up the entering air and accelerate is outward by centrifugal action
What is a Centrifugal Compressor
The fuel air mixture is initially ignited (on startup) by an "_________"
What is an Ignitor or Ignitor Plug
This symbol is used to signify rotation in a turbine engine
What is "N"
The "______" extends from the leading edge to the trailing edge of a propeller
What is the Chord line
A low wing aircraft would utilize this type of fuel system
What is Pressure Feed (requires pumps)
The main structure or body of the aircraft
What is the Fuselage
Prevents rapid and violent oscillation of the nose wheel caused by excessive wear in the support bearing
What is a Shimmy Damper
This internal component transforms the reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotating motion to drive the propeller
What is the Crankshaft
Whenever a stream of any fluid has its velocity increased at a given point, the pressure of the stream at that point is less than the rest of the stream.
What is Bernoulli's Principle
An aerodynamic stall of one or more of the compressor stages
What is Compressor Stall
This section of the engine is located directly between the compressor discharge and the Turbine section
What is the Combustion Section
"___" Is the symbol for fuel flow
What is "Wf"
This force attempts to bend the prop blades forward as a result of the thrust force generated
What is Thrust Bending Force
This type of oxygen mask is utilized in high performance aircraft flying over 40,000 FT
What is Pressure - Demand
A flap that moves back before lowering to increase wing area
What is a fowler flap
Mounted on the landing gear, this component will not allow the gear to be selected up when the aircraft is on the ground.
What is a squat switch, or gear safety switch
Cylinders disposed in a 360 degree format. The cylinders rotate around a stationary crankshaft, turning the propeller
What is a Rotary Engine
This section of a turbine engine is used to burn the fuel/air mixture
What is the Combustion Section
Air that is tapped or extracted from a turbine engines compressor section for use elsewhere on the aircraft
What is bleed air
2/3 of the energy produced by a turbine engine is used to drive this:
what is the compressor section
This Instrument gives the first indication that the engine has started
What is EGT or ITT
This force is caused by the rotation of the blades, it tends to want to pull the blades apart.
What is Centrifugal Force
This oxygen mask automatically mixes cabin air with oxygen to maintain safe oxygen saturation.
What is Diluter Demand
Serves to close and streamline the aft end of most fuselages
What is a tail cone
Two or more pairs of wheels attached to one strut
What is a bogie (or truck)
A pivoting lever which transmits lifting action of the pushrod to downward action on the valve
What is a Rocker Arm
This type of turbine engine has a reduction gearbox which turns the propeller
What is a TurboProp
This component prevents injection of FOD into the compressor section of most PT6 engines. It is also considered an additional form of engine anti-ice and is controlled from the cockpit.
What is in inertial (or Particle) separator
This component injects an atomized jet of fuel into the inner liner of the combustion chamber
What is a Fuel Nozzle
Oil Temperature, Pressure and quantity are all types of this category indicator
What are Condition indicators
This force opposes the rotational motion, tending to bend the blade in the opposite direction
What is Torque Bending Force
Fuel can be stored amongst the sealed structure of a wing. This system is referred to as:
What is an integral or wet wing
Perform the combined functions of both the horizontal stabilizer and the elevator
What is a stabilator
This style of landing gear is aligned along the longitudinal axis, it is usually combined with supplementary outrigger gear on the wings
What is Tandem Gear
This component allows voltage flow from the magneto distributer to the sparkplug,
What is an ignition lead
This type of turbine engine is attached to a transmission, used to drive a rotor.
What is a Turboshaft
"___" refers to the rotational speed of the low-speed spool (LP compressor, LP turbine & in turbofan, the fan) all of which are connected by a concentric shaft.
* hint * it is typically the metric used by flight crew to set and monitor engine thrust
What is N1
A condition which the fire in the engine goes out due to reasons other than the intentional shutting off of the fuel supply
What is Flameout
_____ indicators and ______ indicators are the two general categories of turbine instruments
What is Performance and Condition
This is the greatest force acting on a propeller in flight
What is Centrifugal Force
This component requires pitot pressure, static pressure and total air temperature as inputs in order to operate.
What is an ADC (Air Data Computer)
A trim tab that relies on trial and error for adjustment
What is a ground adjustable Trim Tab
Aligns and keeps together the upper and lower halves of the oleo
What is a torque link (scissor links)
Increases MAP by a compressor driven by the crankshaft
What is a supercharger
located both in the compressor section and the turbine section, it is the combination of a stator and a rotor
What is a Compressor (or Turbine) Stage
This long duct is used to scoop the air at the front of the nacelle and direct it aft
What is a Plenum
the metric used to measure the temperature inside a turbine engine at the turbine blade, often measured with a "T5" Probe
What is ITT
This instrument gives a readout of the measured power/thrust in a turboprop engine
What is torque
This device automatically adjusts prop blade angle to maintain a selected RPM
What is a Prop Governor
This device burns Solium Chlorate in order to generate oxygen
What is an oxygen candle, or Solid Oxygen System
Incorporated to isolate the engine compartment from the rest of the fuselage
What is the Firewall
In this landing gear configuration, steering is achieved by cables attached to the rudder pedals, differential braking, or both.
What is conventional gear OR a "Taildragger"
Within the magneto, this component is driven by the camshaft and is used to suddenly and abruptly stop the current flow in the primary coil
What is a Breaker Point
Known as the core of the engine; It houses the Compressors, Combustion Section and Turbines
What is the Gas Generator
It's Primary function is to regulate the compressor pressure and maintain it at the level required for proper combustion
WHat is a Bleed Air Valve
The section with the highest pressure inside a turbofan
What is a Diffuser Section
This gauge utilizes an input from probes behind the turbine stage of the engine.
What is EGT
Centrifugal force initially moves the flyweights in the propeller governor Outwards during this condition
What is Over Speed Condition
During Night, the effects of Hypoxia can be felt as low as "_______" feet MSL
What is 5000 Ft
A flight control which can control movement with both the vertical and lateral axis
What is a ruddervader
A bundle of small rubber strands encased in a loosely woven cloth. It is used to cushion the landing
What is a bungee cord
Induction air pressure measured after (downstream of the throttle valve)
What is Manifold Pressure
In this style engine thrust is produced by a propeller or rotor being driven by an output shaft. To types of this engine include turboprops and turboshafts.
What is a Torque Engine
Resembling small airfoils/propellers this component "Bites" the air and sends it at a high velocity backwards
What is a Rotor Blade
Transforms a portion of the kinetic (velocity) energy of the exhaust gasses into mechanical energy
What is a Turbine
Ratio of total pressure at the exit of the exhaust nozzle (rear of engine) to pressure at the inlet
(front of engine)
What is EPR
This angle formed by the props plane of rotation and blade chord line
What is the prop blade angle
Fundamentally, aircraft hydraulic systems operate by pumping "________" under pressure into hydraulic actuators, forcing a piston to move, creating useful work.
What is Incompressible Hydraulic Fluid