Catholic vs. Protestant
What did Mary Tudor do to Protestants she disliked?
Burned them at the stake
Which monarch was executed by his own people at the start of the English Civil War?
Charles I
What was name of the government under Cromwell?
What enlightenment thinker was highly inspired by the Glorious Revolution and wrote works that would inspire future revolutions?
John Locke
A type of government where a constitution or legislative body limits the power of the monarch is known as what?
Limited or Constitutional Monarchy
Why did Henry VIII break with the Catholic Church?
He wanted to divorce his wife, but was blocked by the Pope
When Elizabeth I and Henry VIII summoned Parliament, it was often for what purpose?
To ask for money/taxes
How did Cromwell come into his position of power?
He was a general of the Roundheads
Why was the Glorious Revolution a "revolution"?
Mary & James accepted the English Bill of Rights, which gave power to Parliament and the people and officially established England as a constitutional monarchy
What is Parliament?
A law-making body in the English government
What is another name for the Church of England?
Anglican
What were the names of the two sides of the English Civil War, and who did each represent?
Cavaliers - Charles I
Roundheads - Parliament
What are three things that Cromwell banned when he became a leader?
Christmas, public theaters, public music, public dancing
What is one concept that is in both the English and U.S. Bill of Rights?
- freedom of speech
-freedom of petition
-right to bear arms
- no cruel/unusual punishment
What did the Puritans want to "purify" from the Anglican Church?
Catholic practices. They wanted simpler services and disliked the hierarchical structure.
Elizabeth I helped to unite the country and bring Protestants and Catholics together in a series of compromises known by what name?
Elizabethan Settlement
Which two monarchs resisted the idea that they needed to work with Parliament, leading to the English Civil War?
James I & Charles I
Why did many Catholics resist Cromwell's rule (2 reasons!)
- they practiced a different religion and preferred a leader who was more understanding of their faith
- they supported Charles II
Why was Charles II so popular for both the people and Parliament? (2 reasons)
- brought back public entertainment
- agreed to the Petition of Right
- supported art and science
What is the Act of Supremacy?
Declared Henry VIII as the head of the new Church of England and broke away from the Catholic Church
Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation because he was upset about what practice in the Catholic Church?
Selling indulgences, or tickets to Heaven
The Petition of Right prohibited the king from committing two key acts. What are they?
1. taxing without Parliament's consent
2. jailing someone without legal justification
Both male and female Levelers criticized Cromwell's rule. What did each want, and how did Cromwell's suppression of them end any hope of a true democracy?
- male: equal say in the government for poor men
- female: ability to petition of the government
- shows Cromwell did not believe everyone should have a say, and was becoming increasingly like a dictator
There are three documents that were created to limit the power of the king in English history. What are the names of those 3 documents?
Magna Carta, Petition of Right, English Bill of Rights
Protestants who differed from the Church of England are called what? (Hint: the answer is not Puritans)
Dissenters