Vocabulary
unfavorable opinions or feelings formed beforehand or without factual support?
The sun is shining bright the weather is perfect for a hike.
The sun is shining bright; the weather is perfect for a hike.
Aristotle taught that a speaker’s ability to persuade an audience is based on how well the speaker appeals to that audience in three different areas:
Logos, Ethos, and Pathos
A _______________ is a statement that requires evidence to prove its truth.
What is Benjamin Franklin's overall opinion of the proposed Constitution.
a. He strongly disapproves of it.
b. He considers it unimportant.
c. He has one some objections to it.
d. He completely approves of it.
c. He has one some objections to it.
Who is the author of the Speech in the Convention?
Benjamin Franklin
absolute rule, tyranny
What is the conjunctive adverb used in the sentence below:
He forgot his umbrella; therefore, he got very wet in the storm.
therefore
Appeals to the emotions and the sympathetic imagination
Also to beliefs and values
Can also be thought of as the role of the audience in the argument
Pathos
The _____________ combines your main argument with the supporting details.
thesis
What is the main point of Benjamin Franklin's Speech in the Convention?
a. The Constitutional Convention should not approve the Constitution because the document is too weak.
b. The Constitutional Convention should approve the Constitution, even though he himself cannot do so.
c. The Constitutional Convention should support the Constitution because the document is as good asit it likely to be.
d. The Constitutional Convention should support the Constitution because its framers have always been right in the past.
c. The Constitutional Convention should support the Constitution because the document is as good asit it likely to be.
What age did Benjamin Franklin retire from the printing business to devote himself to science.
He was 42 years old.
dishonest
corrupted
What is the coordinating conjunction used in the sentence below:
She wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain
but
Questions to consider when using this appeal?
Is the thesis clear and specific?
Is the thesis supported by strong reasons and credible evidence?
Is the argument logical and arranged in a well-reasoned order?
Logos
Proper _________ of sources includes direct quotations, paraphrasing, and summarizing.
Why does Franklin want the delegates to the Constitutional Convention to support the Constitution strongly despite any personal reservations they may have?
a. because doing so guarantees that the principles of the Constitution will be administered well
b. because doing so will inspire public confidence in the delegates' leadership
c. because Franklin views the document as a product of their joint wisdom
d. because Franklin believes that it is a perfect document
b. because doing so will inspire public confidence in the delegates' leadership
If an activity is salutary, what would be its effect?
a. weakening effect
b. a depressing effect
c. a healthful effect
d. a puzzling effect
c. a healthful effect
inability to be in error
infallibility
A __________ joins two independent clauses (complete sentences) that are closely related in meaning.
A semicolon (;)
Ethos appeals to a ____________ ____________.
writer's character
A strong argument often acknowledges a __________ to show understanding of other viewpoints.
counter-argument
a. Eugene's family will be moving soon, so studying together is unnecessary.
b. Eugene's mother does not want Eugene to socialize with someone of Elena's background.
c. Eugene's feelings will be hurt if it turns out that Elena is smarter than Eugene.
d. Eugene's mother does not want Eugene exposed to the bad influences in El Building.
b. Eugene's mother does not want Eugene to socialize with someone of Elena's background.
Which of these views of government does Benjamin Franklin most clearly express?
a. The government that governs least is best.
b. Corrupt rulers breed disillusion and rebellion.
c. Good governments are created by trial and error.
d. Any well-run government canb benefit the people.
d. Any well-run government canb benefit the people.
beneficial; promoting a positive purpose
salutary
Use a __________ after the first independent clause when you link two independent clauses with one of the following coordinating conjunctions.
comma
The ________________ is typically represented by an equilateral triangle, suggesting that logos, ethos, and pathos should be balanced within a text
rhetorical triangle
What are two elements that make a thesis statement strong?
2. Supporting Details
Elena says the following: That night, I lay in my bed trying to feel the right thing for our dead President. But the tears that came up from a deep source inside me were strictly for me.
Which sentence best describes the internal conflict Elena feels at that moment?
a. She fells annoyed that her parents are sympathetic to the President's widow but care nothing for her own unhappiness.
b. She feels angry that her plans to spend the afternoon with Eugene have been ruined by the President's assassination.
c. She wants to feel appropriate sorrow over the President's assassination but is consumed by her own unhappiness.
d. She feels disppointed that school was let out early on a day when she would have received an award.
c. She wants to feel appropriate sorrow over the President's assassination but is consumed by her own unhappiness.
How will approving the Constitution affect the country's relationship with foreign nations?
a. It will frustrate the hopes of nations unfriendly to the United States.
b. It will cause all other nations to be jealous of the United States.
c. It will show that the Unites States is superior to other nations.
d. It will cause all other nations to see the United States as a leader.
a. It will frustrate the hopes of nations unfriendly to the United States.
virtue; commitment to moral or ethical principles
integrity
The research team spent three grueling years gathering raw climate data from remote Antarctic ice cores however, their funding was abruptly compromised just weeks before the final analysis so they had to rapidly secure an emergency grant from a private philanthropic foundation to prevent the entire project from collapsing.
The research team spent three grueling years gathering raw climate data from remote Antarctic ice cores; however, their funding was abruptly compromised just weeks before the final analysis, so they had to rapidly secure an emergency grant from a private philanthropic foundation to prevent the entire project from collapsing.
Using credible sources could be considered __________ or ___________.
What is the purpose of a topic sentence in an agrumentative paragraph?
To make a specific claim and link to the thesis
Which of the following sentences from the reading best communicates one of Elena's internal conflicts?
a. I was also taking a lot of abuse from the black girls for not turning the rope hard and fast enough for them.
b. I liked him right away because he sat at the kitchen table and read books for hours.
c. ...i decided to approach him directly; though my stomach was doing somersaults.
d. I would soon sit there, across from Eugene, and I would tell him about my perch just above his house.
c. ...I decided to approach him directly; though my stomach was doing somersaults.
In his Speech in the Convention, Franklin states the following.
...When you assemble a number of men, to have the advantage of their joint wisdom, you inevitably assemble with those men all their prejudices, their passions, their errors of opinion, their local interests, and their selfish views. From such an assembly can a perfect production be expected?
What is Franklin's purpose in posing the rhetorical question above?
a. to emphasize that those who oppose the Constitution should draw attention to its serious imperfections.
b. to argue that it would be unreasonable to demand an ideal Constitution from flawed human beings
c. to show that the character faults of the delegates seriously outweigh their joint wsidom, and the result will be poor
d. to demonstrate that while those involved in its creation are flawed, the Constitution will still be a perfect document
b. to argue that it would be unreasonable to demand an ideal Constitution from flawed human beings