POV/Perspective
Which pronouns signal first-person point of view?
I, me, my, we, us
What is a central idea?
The main message or overall point the author wants the reader to understand.
What is diction?
An author’s word choice.
What is tone?
The author’s attitude toward the subject.
What is theme?
The message or lesson about life revealed through the text.
A narrator reveals only one character’s thoughts but refers to that character as “he” or “she.” What POV is this?
Third-person limited
Which type of evidence uses research data or statistics?
Fact
What is syntax?
The way words and sentences are structured.
Which genre blends realistic settings with fantastical elements presented as normal?
Magical realism
What type of rhyme occurs within a single line?
Internal rhyme
How does first-person POV affect the reader?
It encourages empathy by allowing readers to experience the narrator’s thoughts and emotions directly.
Many teenagers do not get enough sleep during the school year. According to Dr. Elena Ramirez, a pediatric sleep specialist at the National Sleep Institute, teens need between eight and ten hours of sleep each night to stay healthy. John Anderson, teenager, agrees that he needs at least 8 hours of sleep each night.
- Identify the expert source in the reading passage.
Dr. Elena Ramirez, since she is a sleep specialist
(1) Chandra should have known the answer. (2) But as the clock ticked loudly, as the audience held their breath, two of the answers looked correct to her. (3) She couldn’t get assistance. (4) She’d already asked the audience, phoned a friend, and eliminated two answers. (5) She should have quit back at the $10,000 question. (6) But, no. (7) She was greedy. (8) Now it was all or nothing. (9) What was the capital of Namibia? (10) Windhoek or Gabarone? (11) She had to choose. (12) She closed her eyes. (13) Time was up.
- What mood is created in the game show passage with short sentences and fragments?
Suspenseful
In magical realism, how does tone usually contrast with events?
The tone remains neutral or calm even when strange or impossible events occur.
What is a metrical foot?
A repeating pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables.
If a story suddenly reveals the thoughts of multiple characters, which POV is being used?
Third-person omniscient
Why do authors often introduce the central idea early in informational texts?
So readers understand the focus and can see how details support it throughout the text.
Why do short sentences and fragments increase tension?
They reflect quick thoughts and urgency, making the moment feel intense.
Most people would probably say they love their grandmother’s cooking. But Sunday dinners with Maria’s grandmother had always been a challenge. Maria had learned to eat very slowly, especially after the incident where two quick bites of her grandmother’s delicious tamales caused flames to shoot from her nostrils, setting the tablecloth on fire.
- Identify one realistic element and one fantasy element in the grandmother cooking passage.
Realistic: family dinners
Fantasy: flames shooting from Maria’s nostrils
The Sun came up upon the left,
Out of the sea came he!
And he shone bright, and on the right
Went down into the sea.
- What rhyme scheme is shown in the Mariner stanza?
a, b, c, b
“I know you’re cold, Ethan” I said, trying to keep my tone from revealing my concern. “I’ll build a fire. That will help.” Ethan shivered visibly.
“When will the heat come back on?” he asked.
“Sorry, kid, but there’s no way to know,” I replied. “It will take a while to repair the gas lines after the earthquake.” But when will that be?
My thoughts swirled as I gathered newspaper and wood for the fire. There’s not much firewood left, and I’m not sure I can find any more until the roads open up. Then what will I find? How bad is the damage? Will we get stuck here without enough food? Will I be able to keep Ethan safe, warm, and fed? We’re okay for a while, but I don’t know how bad the situation is yet.
“I’m scared, dad,” Ethan said finally.
“Try not to worry, Ethan. We have a fire to keep us warm tonight, and tomorrow, when it’s light, things will seem a lot less scary. I promise.” I just hope that’s true, I thought to myself.
“You’re right, dad,” Ethan replied. “I’m sure it won’t be that bad.”
I finally got the fire started, and Ethan and I pulled the sofa nearer to the fireplace and huddled together under the quilt. I just hope things aren’t too bad for us or any of our neighbors, and that we can get our heat back soon.
- How would the earthquake passage change if told from Ethan’s point of view instead of the father’s?
The focus would shift to Ethan’s fear and uncertainty rather than the father’s responsibility and concern for protecting his child.
1 Local libraries across the country are hosting annual summer reading programs. These programs are designed to keep kids reading over the summer, which helps students maintain their reading skills.
2 To find out what kinds of books and activities children enjoy the most, libraries often gather feedback before the summer begins. Children and parents fill out surveys about favorite genres and fun activities. For example, last summer, Franklin Public Library reported many preferred mysteries, so the staff provided mystery lists and held a Whodunit night.
3 “Knowing what the kids like helps us a lot,” says Sarah Mendez, a librarian in charge of youth programs. “Last year, we learned that more kids are reading graphic novels... It really helps to keep the kids engaged.”
4 Libraries often offer prizes as motivation. Students may receive certificates, books, or small prizes. Springfield librarian Joseph Medeiros explains, “The biggest reward of all is seeing kids spending more time at the library and discovering their love of books.”
-How does the Franklin Public Library mystery example support the central idea?
It shows how libraries use feedback to design programs that keep students engaged in reading.
One evening, the sky turned grey as giant clouds rolled in. A soft rumble echoed in the distance, and rain began to pat gently against the windows. The old house felt extra cozy as the family gathered around playing board games by flashlight, chatting, and laughing. Max, the cat, dozed on the sofa, unbothered by the pitter-patter of the light rain. A breeze blew past the wind chimes, playing a comforting tune. The front door popped open, and in marched Uncle Joe with a big umbrella and yellow rain boots covered in mud.
- Which words in the passage contribute to the story’s tone?
Pat, gently, cozy, dozed, pitter patter, chattering and laughing, comforting
How do diction and syntax maintain a neutral tone in magical realism?
The author uses straightforward word choice and normal sentence structure, treating magical events as ordinary.
Crying my little one, footsore and weary?
Fall asleep, pretty one, warm on my shoulder:
I must tramp on through the winter night dreary,
While the snow falls on me colder and colder.
5 You are my one, and I have not another;
Sleep soft my darling, my trouble and treasure;
Sleep warm and soft in the arms of your mother,
Dreaming of pretty things, dreaming of pleasure.
- How does imagery in Rossetti’s poem reinforce the theme?
The cold, snowy imagery highlights the mother’s sacrifice and concern for her child’s comfort.