Reading
Working with Sources
Structure and Organization
Rhetorical Awareness
Grab Bag
100
When one actively attempts to think along the lines of the author they are reading. They try to find reasons to believe the author and understand the author's perspective.
What is reading with the grain?
100
Identify the citation mistake in the following quote: Sommers argues that "uncertainty is great." (200)
The period needs to follow the parentheses: Identify the citation mistake in the following quote: Sommers argues that "uncertainty is great" (200).
100
What is the difference between the mountain and the sea?
The mountain = abstract ideas (claims, analysis) The sea = concrete details (evidence, observations)
100
What is a representative example? Does Allison use a representative example? Explain your answer.
A representative example is an extended example that an author returns to throughout their essay to make a claim about a more general topic. Allison does use a representative example. In her essay, she returns to the Jesus painting to make multiple points.
100
Choose one kind of Authoritative I, define it and give an example
Personal "I" - draws from personal perspectives and experiences. Socio-cultural "I" - draws from membership in or knowledge about social or cultural groups. Scholarly "I" - draws from scholarly knowledge or scholarly authorities. Rhetorical I" - draws from knowledge of audience and writing purpose to effectively use genre conventions and expectations.
200
When reading, the feeling that the text already lines up with one's beliefs, values, and ideas.
What is reading as ratification?
200
How do you refer to a source author in academic writing?
You use their full name when you introduce them and their last name every time after that.
200
What is the difference between deductive and inductive inquiry? Which style of writing more prominently involves a thesis?
Inductive inquiry begins with specifics (details, observations or data) and moves toward the general (ideas, theories, abstractions). Inductive moves from evidence toward claims about that evidence. It often features questions as opposed to a thesis. Deductive inquiry moves from the general toward the more specific, making claims and then providing evidence for them. A thesis is often more prominent in a deductive essay.
200
What is the difference between tone and attitude?
Attitude is the way an author feels toward their audience or their subject while tone is how they present themselves. An author may present themselves with a certain tone in their writing while having a completely different attitude. If writers are not careful, their attitude can seep into their writing and affect their tone.
200
What kind of development (vertical or horizontal) am I developing if I am working on an idea path?
Horizontal!
300
When one actively attempts to disprove or complicate the ideas of the author they are reading.
What is reading against the grain?
300
Explain part 3a of the citation package. Why is it so important?
The lead-out: 3a) paraphrase the author's quote in your own words. Quotes don't speak for themselves. That is, not every reader will understand a quote in the same way. You need to demonstrate your own understanding of a quote on the same level of specificity before you can clearly relate it to your ideas.
300
What is the difference between horizontal and vertical development?
Horizontal development is the evolution of your ideas from point to point, while vertical development is the expansion of each of those points. You need both in an effective essay.
300
Give two reasons the following are opinions: "My essay is really good." "Cereal is delicious."
Originate from assumptions Based on habit, taste, and preference Resist further questioning Take the form of judgment Assume common agreement One opinion is as valid as the next Could not possibly support
300
Define semantic and relational cohesion. What are some examples of words commonly used for relational cohesion?
Semantic cohesion renames a word or phrase. It builds meaning of a certain idea. Relational cohesion uses linking words to show the relationship between two ideas. Commonly used words are "therefore," "thus," "on the other hand," "but," "consequently."
400
The feeling when reading that the text threatens already-held beliefs, values, and ideas.
What is reading as risk?
400
Do essay titles require quotes or italics? What is the general MLA rule for titles?
Use quotes for essays. Full or longer works require italics.
400
Give two criteria for an effective Critical Inquiry Question.
They are not yes/no, either/or questions They are genuine questions; we do not already know the answer; we truly wonder about them They resist simple agreement or disagreement They require analysis; they cannot be answered by simple facts They are not too broad; they are questions with which we can conceivably engage They are not too narrow; they are questions that might have multiple interpretations They point to the text for information, point to the reader for interpretation, and point outside the text to connect to issues in society One effective way to achieve this is to layer questions together. You might start with a question that points into the text and ask a question that requires interpretation. That question could prompt another about how the text relates to a larger issue. For our purposes – they emerge out of engagement with ideas from our texts.
400
Define claims, evidence, and warrants.
A claim is an arguable statement, evidence is specific facts or observations that support a claim, and a warrant is the reasoning that ties the evidence to a claim.
400
What are aims, methods, and materials? Can you give an example of one of these from our texts?
Aims: An author's project/goal with their text (what are they responding to? What do they want the audience to do or think?) Materials: The specific building blocks (personal stories, data, other sources they pull in to build their ideas) Methods: How the text is constructed, how the author employs their materials to achieve their aims.
500
When a reading puts you at risk or when reading the text for the first time (it is important to _____).
When is it important to read with the grain?
500
Define Part 3b of the Citation Package. Then, list at least two rhetorical strategies available to a writer as they work with a source in part 3b.
Part 3b = Use. In this part, you connect the source's ideas to your own and use their ideas in some way. You can extend their ideas, taking them one step further or applying them to new situations. Alternatively, you could counter their ideas, showing how they are limited or more complicated. Or, you could discuss the implications of their claims, answering the "So What?" question.
500
Revise the following two sentences to connect with lexical cohesion: “Art is an important element of culture. It contains anything from cheese to religion, but it’s definitely influenced by art also.”
Art is an important element of culture. Culture is anything from cheese to religion, but culture is definitely influenced by art also.
500
Why would you want to anticipate an objection as a writer?
It helps you develop your ideas (complicate/make more nuanced rather than ignoring evidence) It builds a credible ethos It addresses concerns with your idea or perspective that might exist for the audience before they have a chance to counter you
500
How is a way of seeing also a way of not seeing?
Every perspective is situated. It's important to know that your perspective is not the only right one, simply one part of the elephant.
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