unit 6
In which sentence is passive voice used appropriately?
The bank was robbed at midnight.
Read the excerpt from the article “Gun Debate? What Gun Debate?” by Mark O’Mara.
Reasonable restrictions on guns will not lead to totalitarianism and anarchy. Suffering 30,000 gun deaths annually is not a reasonable sacrifice to make in order to blindly maintain our unrestricted gun culture, particularly when the rallying cry is an outdated reference concerning infringement which, known to anyone who has actually studied the Constitution and our founding fathers who drafted it, was a reference to the then-existing reality that young men, when called upon to defend the state and the laws of the state, were expected to provide their own arms.
A warrant stated by the author in the excerpt is that gun restrictions will not result in lawlessness and disorder.
Which option most effectively evaluates how this warrant supports the author’s argument?
The warrant is highly effective; the warrant helps persuade the audience to understand that the Constitutional right to bear arms is outdated and does not apply to modern society.
Read the sentence.
Removing the prefix mis- from the word misconception changes the meaning to .
Which option correctly completes the sentence?
a general idea or notion
In which sentence from the brochure “Climate Change in National Parks” does the author appeal to the audience’s sense of logos to persuade them to pay attention to climate change?
It is estimated by scientists with the U.S. Geological Survey that by 2030, many of the glaciers in Montana’s Glacier National Park will be completely gone.
If you use a thesaurus to look up a synonym of the word resilient, what word are you most likely to find?
adaptable
Read the claim.
Blogs that offer health-related solutions should be banned because they endanger the welfare of their readers.
Which option presents the strongest counterclaim from parents who have young children and who regularly turn to blogs to gather medical information?
Many bloggers use reputable online sources to gather information about current health issues and concerns affecting people of all ages, including young children.
Read the excerpt from the article “Gun Debate? What Gun Debate?” by Mark O’Mara.
What this means is that we’ve accepted school shootings and other random mass shootings as a normal part of life in America, no matter how they affect the life, liberty and pursuit of happiness that was first announced in the Declaration of Independence, some 13 years before our oft-quoted Constitution and the Bill of Rights.
I guess that’s not surprising: We accept collateral damage for other privileges we enjoy. We tolerate a certain number of drunk driving deaths, more than 10,000 in 2012, and there’s little public outcry for greater restrictions. We’ve been willing to sacrifice nearly 7,000 soldiers (and tens of thousands wounded) in two wars to maintain our political influence in the Middle East. About 400 children drown each year in pools and spas, but we’re not scrambling to outlaw summer fun.
Which answers most effectively describe what analogical reasoning in the excerpt allows O’Mara to do?
Select all that apply.
This reasoning lets O’Mara compare school shootings to drunk-driving and combat deaths because we accept them as the norm.
Which options list general academic vocabulary words you could you use when writing essays for any academic discipline?
Select all that apply.
accumulate
Read the passage from an article by Mark Twain entitled “The Damned Human Race.”
Indecency, vulgarity, obscenity (these are strictly confined to man); he invented them. Among the higher animals there is no trace of them.
Which options correctly explain how suffixes are used in the passage to change adjectives to nouns?
Select all that apply.
The noun vulgarity is formed by adding the suffix -ity to the adjective vulgar.
What does it mean if a friend tells you she wants to emulate a famous scientist?
She wants to mirror the scientist’s personality or actions.
Which sentence does not contain parallel structure?
During the summer holidays, the family went to the lake, the beach, and to the park.
He didn’t want to see a movie, to go out to dinner, or to visit a museum.
Ronnie’s hobbies include reading, skiing, and cooking.
“Paying attention, doing homework, and completing classwork are all requirements to get an A in the class,” said the teacher.
During the summer holidays, the family went to the lake, the beach, and to the park.
Read the excerpt from the Barack Obama speech “Remarks by the President at the 50th Anniversary of the Selma to Montgomery Marches.”
How can that be? The Voting Rights Act was one of the crowning achievements of our democracy, the result of Republican and Democratic efforts. President Reagan signed its renewal when he was in office. President George W. Bush signed its renewal when he was in office. One hundred members of Congress have come here today to honor people who were willing to die for the right to protect it. If we want to honor this day, let that hundred go back to Washington and gather four hundred more, and together, pledge to make it their mission to restore that law this year. That’s how we honor those on this bridge.
Which statement most accurately explains Obama’s use of constitutional principles in the excerpt?
Obama points out the need for checks and balances to encourage the members of the Legislative branch to make sure the Voting Rights Act is renewed as law.
Read the passage from a science essay.
Research being done on sleep cycles confirms the study’s findings. As you sleep, the level of the stress hormone cortisol follows a cycle. At first it drops, and at the same time, the brain releases chemicals that enhance the immune system, allowing it to repair itself and fight off viruses. When it is time to wake up, your cortisol levels begin to rise again, getting the body ready for the day.
Which term in the passage would most likely be used only in a scientific context?
cortisol
Read the excerpt from the “Changes have Consequences” section of the brochure “Climate Change in National Parks.”
In Yosemite, the pika population is in danger of extinction as warming temperatures occur higher and higher on the mountainsides. With each season, the cool habitat in which they make their homes shifts further upslope. Eventually, if this continues, they may have nowhere higher to go.
Nutrient-rich whitebark pine seeds are a critical food source for the grizzly bears of Yellowstone. Warmer winters have enabled bark beetles to significantly increase mortality of whitebark pines over their entire American range with little sign of relief. Not only does this lower the grizzlies’ survival rates, they are now more likely to experience human conflicts in their search for alternate foods.
The author’s point in this excerpt is that the consequences of climate change have made life difficult for many species of plants and animals due to a change in their habitat.
Which option best analyzes how the author appeals to the reader’s sense of logos to convey this point
The author uses an appeal to logos to focus the reader on the negative impacts of warming temperatures and their effect on specific animals, such as pikas and grizzly bears.
Read the sentence.
The teenagers rushed to get their smartphones so that they could take pictures of their sand castle before the rising tide eradicated all traces of it.
Which word most precisely matches the meaning of eradicated as it is used in the sentence?
destroyed
Which sentence uses a dash correctly?
After a short drive down the rutted lane, we reached the end of the road—a locked gate.
Read the excerpt from Shirley Chisholm’s speech “Equal Rights for Women.”
Let me note and try to refute two of the commonest arguments that are offered against this amendment. One is that women are already protected under the law and do not need legislation. Existing laws are not adequate to secure equal rights for women. Sufficient proof of this is the concentration of women in lower paying, menial, unrewarding jobs and their incredible scarcity in the upper level jobs.
Which element in the chain of legal reasoning is Shirley Chisholm identifying in this part of the speech?
Chisholm is identifying the issue: Is the current law violating women’s rights by not doing enough to adequately protect them?
Read the sentence.
The long day of travel made all the children in the family , so everyone was glad to get home.
Which word form correctly completes the sentence?
irritable
In which sentences or phrases from “Our Backyard Is 85 Million Acres” does the author create an appeal to pathos with figurative language or word connotation?
Select all that apply.
That’s a very good bargain. And that is one powerful idea.
Which sentence uses personification for effect?
The summer heat began to take its toll on the garden; the flowers looked dry and wilted.
The fish danced just under the surface, practically begging to be caught.
Graciela burst through the front door and ran to her bedroom to search for her driver’s license.
With a sly smile, Soojin stuffed her pockets with candies and ran back to join her class on the playground.
The fish danced just under the surface, practically begging to be caught.
Read the sentence.
The green eyed black kitten was playing a pounce on the string game with one of the preschoolers.
Which modifiers should be hyphenated for clarity?
Select all that apply.
pounce-on-the-string
Read the excerpt from Shirley Chisholm’s speech “Equal Rights for Women.”
More than half of the population of the United States is female. But women occupy only 2 percent of the managerial positions. They have not even reached the level of tokenism yet. No women sit on the AFL-CIO council or Supreme Court. There have been only two women who have held Cabinet rank, and at present there are none. Only two women now hold ambassadorial rank in the diplomatic corps. In Congress, we are down to one Senator and 10 Representatives.
How could this information from Chisholm’s speech be applied in legal reasoning?
These are relevant, objective facts that could be used to show that women do not have equal rights.
Read the sentence from “Remarks by the President on Osama bin Laden,” a speech by President Barack Obama.
And tonight, let us think back to the sense of unity that prevailed on 9/11. I know that it has, at times, frayed.
What is Obama’s purpose in choosing the metaphor of something being “frayed”?
Select all that apply.
He is showing that commitment to unity is difficult to maintain over time and has a tendency to come apart.
In which sentence from “Our Backyard Is 85 Million Acres” does the author use an appeal to ethos?
Theodore Roosevelt, the greatest conservationist President in our history, called the concept of the parks “noteworthy in its essential democracy … one of the best bits of national achievement which our people have to their credit.”
Read the sentences.
Carla took her interest in graphic design very seriously. Even though she was only in 10th grade, she signed up for several graphic design workshops, purchased some beginner-level books on the topic, and began saving money to purchase a more computer.
Which option best completes the sentence to convey the idea that Carla was committed to growing as a student of graphic design?
sophisticated