Unit 5
In which sentence is passive voice used appropriately?
1. The bank was robbed at midnight.
2. The task was accomplished in three weeks by the team members.
3. Surfing was done in the early morning.
4. The book was read to the children by the teacher.
1. The bank was robbed at midnight.
After Lacey’s admirer sent her a box of chocolates, she decided to _____ by giving him an anonymous gift of movie tickets.
Which word would complete the sentence with the most precise meaning?
1. respond
2. reply
3. reciprocate
4. retaliate
3. reciprocate
innate adj. 1. built-in 2. essential 3. inborn 4. elemental
Read the sentence.
Salmon swim thousands of miles in response to the innate urge to migrate to breeding grounds.
Which synonym best matches the meaning of innate as it is used in the sentence?
1. inborn
2. essential
3. built-in
4. elemental
1. inborn
When Jason and Erica rented equipment at the ski resort, they had to sign an agreement that stipulated what items they were leasing and what penalties there were for damage or late returns.
In this sentence, stipulated functions as a(n) _____ and means _____.
1. verb; “to require for completion”
2. verb; “to specify as a condition”
3. adjective; “required for completion”
4. adjective; “specified as a condition”
2. verb; “to specify as a condition”
Elena did not have _____ cash to pay for her latte.
Which word form correctly completes the sentence?
1. sufficient
2. sufficiency
3. insufficient
4. suffice
1. sufficient
Which sentence does not contain parallel structure?
1. Ronnie’s hobbies include reading, skiing, and cooking.
2. During the summer holidays, the family went to the lake, the beach, and to the park.
3. “Paying attention, doing homework, and completing classwork are all requirements to get an A in the class,” said the teacher.
4. He didn’t want to see a movie, to go out to dinner, or to visit a museum.
2. During the summer holidays, the family went to the lake, the beach, and to the park.
Those who came before us made certain that this country rode the first waves of the industrial revolutions, the first waves of modern invention, and the first wave of nuclear power, and this generation does not intend to founder in the backwash of the coming age of space.
Which kind of figurative language does Kennedy use in the excerpt?
1. personification
2. hyperbole
3. simile
4. metaphor
4. metaphor
On the occasion corresponding to this four years ago all thoughts were anxiously directed to an impending civil war. All dreaded it, all sought to avert it. While the inaugural address was being delivered from this place, devoted altogether to saving the Union without war, insurgent agents were in the city seeking to destroy it without war—seeking to dissolve the Union and divide effects by negotiation. Both parties deprecated war, but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came.
Which word from the excerpt best describes being rebellious?
1. corresponding
2. insurgent
3. impending
4. devoted
2. insurgent
Because the members of the employee committee wanted the party for their manager to be a surprise, they were forced to use subterfuge to keep him away from the party area. One member of the committee distracted him by asking him to sit in on her meeting.
What is the meaning of subterfuge as used in the sentence?
1. a specialized tool
2. a strategy of deception
3. a direct manner
4. a way of maneuvering
2. a strategy of deception
Earth is composed of many layers of rock. Far beneath the outer surface is the mantle, where high temperatures melt the rock. This molten rock is called magma.
Which terms in the passage are considered domain-specific vocabulary?
Select all that apply.
1. rock
2. molten
3. magma
4. mantle
3. magma
4. mantle
Which sentence uses a dash correctly?
1.We had been driving—for an hour down country roads.
2.The ride was quite bumpy, we could not believe—how deep some of the ruts were.
3.After a short drive down the rutted lane, we reached the end of the road—a locked gate.
4.The car—it was only two years old, now had a layer of dust and several new scratches.
3. After a short drive down the rutted lane, we reached the end of the road—a locked gate.
“All religions, arts, and sciences are branches of the same tree.” – Albert Einstein
Which kind of figurative language is used in this quotation?
1. metaphor
2. paradox
3. hyperbole
4. simile
1. metaphor
cosmopolitan adj. 1. marked by appreciation of many parts of the world; not regional 2. marked by sophistication arising from urban life 3. composed of persons or elements from all parts of the world
n. 4. a person who lives in a city
Read the sentence.
Columnist Mark Snow of the Warrenville Times grew up in Manhattan, providing him with a cosmopolitan viewpoint that is unusual in a small-town writer.
Which definition of cosmopolitan best fits the meaning and part of speech used in the sentence?
Definition 4
Definition 1
Definition 2
Definition 3
Definition 2
Due to reduced profits, the investment company made a pragmatic decision to postpone its costly move into a new building.
Which words and phrases in the sentence provide clues to the meaning of pragmatic? Select all that apply.
1. costly
2. new building
3. investment company
4. reduced profits
1. costly
4. reduced profits
What suffix could you add to the adjective diverse, meaning “varied or distinct,” to create a verb meaning “to cause variation or to make distinct”?
1. -ize
2. -ify
3. -ate
4. -en
2. -ify
The green eyed black kitten was playing a pounce on the string game with one of the preschoolers.
Which modifiers should be hyphenated for clarity?Select all that apply.
1. green-eyed
2. pounce-on-the-string
3. string-game
4. black-kitten
1. green-eyed
2. pounce-on-the-string
The job applicant’s _____ appearance made a poor impression on the interviewers, and they quickly decided not to hire him.
Which option would complete the sentence with the strongest negative connotation?
1. messy
2. rumpled
3. slovenly
4. untidy
3. slovenly
“I don’t like staying out late, however, I will make an exception tonight,” said Loretta.
What syntax problem appears in the sentence?
1. It is a run-on sentence.
2. It is not parallel.
3. It is a fragment.
4. It is a comma splice.
4. It is a comma splice.
Which sentences contain examples of contested language usage? Select all that apply.
1. I checked and the coffee bar isn’t open. But there is an all-night diner on Elm Street.
2. Either Jeremy or someone else in the biology class didn’t clean up their workstation.
3. Students received color-coded badges indicating which team they were assigned to.
4. No one had anything to say to the teacher about his or her test results.
1. I checked and the coffee bar isn’t open. But there is an all-night diner on Elm Street.
2. Either Jeremy or someone else in the biology class didn’t clean up their workstation.
3. Students received color-coded badges indicating which team they were assigned to.
Which prefix could you add to the noun apprehension, meaning “idea or perception,” to create a new word that means “incorrect idea or perception”?
1. ex-
2. il-
3. mis-
4. un-
3. mis-