Literary Terms
Citing with Style
Rhetorical Appeals
Argumentation
Getting Grammatical!
100
The art of effective communication.
Rhetoric!
100
Name the three citation styles we've looked at in this course.
APA (American Psychological Association)
MLA (Modern Language Association)
CMS (Chicago Manual of Style)
100
Effective arguments balance these three appeals based on audience, purpose, and context.
Ethos, Pathos, Logos
(For a bonus 100 points, give an example of each appeal.)
100
Give one example of a "hook" you might use to begin an essay, blog post, or other written assignment.
- pertinent quote, fact, or statistic
- rhetorical question
- anecdote
100
True or False, you can use semi-colons to separate items in a list.
True.
200
Sources that have been evaluated by experts in a particular field are known as what kind of sources?
Peer reviewed sources
200
True or False? Forgetting to cite your own words describing someone else's idea is an Academic Integrity violation.
True.
Summaries and paraphrases of another person's ideas should always be cited. Insufficient documentation or attribution for the sources you use and/or consult is plagiarism.
200
"Kairos" is an appeal to what?
Time.
200
List the three key characteristics of a strong paragraph.
1) Unity
2) Coherence
3) Development
200
RAVEN is a mnemonic acronym that people use to remember how to use affect and effect. What does each letter stand for?
Remember Affect Verb Effect Noun
300
The punctuation in the following sentence is known by what term?
Lisa Surridge has suggested that the societal changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution caused “adjustments of class and gender relations across … English society” (“Working-Class” 331).
"Ellipses"
(Ellipses are used to indicate that a writer has omitted a word or words from a quotation.)
300
"Copying from a source text and then deleting some words, altering grammatical structures, or plugging in one-for-one synonym-substitutes" (Howard, 1993) is known as what kind of writing?
"Patch" writing.
300
Identify the dominant appeals in the following video:
Ethos > trusted/established brand (Budweiser); family values; etc.
Pathos > cross-species relationship (awe! Or "cute-affect")
300
Define "exigency."
Exigency is an "urgent need or demand."
Establishing a sense of exigency in your paper increases the "so what" value of your argument.
300
True or false? A colon can only be used to connect independent clauses.
False. A colon must be preceded by an independent clause.
(However, this statement is true of semi-colons.)
400
Quotation marks, italics, or signal phrases like "...or so it would seem," "however," or "yet" that mark a shift from a they say to an I say are known as what (according to Birkenstein and Graff)?
"Voice markers"
400
The following paragraph is formatted according to which style?
Gaskell’s focus on the role of the father as a parent rather than just a source of finances indicates a shift in the conception of ideal fatherhood: “Gaskell suggests strongly that the emotional poverty of middle-class families arises from their absent fathers” (Surridge 338).
MLA
400
How are the three appeals working together here to support this ad's message? (Locate and name all three.)
Logos - facts/statistics about survival rates
Pathos - horror/sadness/sympathy/guilt
Ethos - responsibility to protect the weakest members of our society
400
Birkenstein and Graff (the authors of They Say / I Say) argue that there are basically three ways to respond to someone's argument. What are those three responses?
Yes...
No...
Okay, but...
*You might also rephrase the above as (1) agree, (2) disagree, (3) agree/disagree
400
A sentence is made up of what two grammatical components?
A subject and a predicate.
500
Name at least two of the three types of summary we discussed at the start of term.
Paraphrase: re-writing or rephrasing an author's ideas in your own words.
Condensation: a one-sentence summary
Precis: a lengthier and more formal summary that retains the author's approach and the order of their ideas.
500
True or False? The following excerpt is correctly cited according to APA style.
Gaskell’s focus on the role of the father as a parent rather than just a source of finances indicates a shift in the conception of ideal fatherhood. As Lisa Surridge argues, “Gaskell suggests strongly that the emotional poverty of middle-class families arises from their absent fathers” (2017, p. 338).
False. In APA style, the year a source is published should follow directly after the author's surname.
Gaskell’s focus on the role of the father as a parent rather than just a source of finances indicates a shift in the conception of ideal fatherhood. As Lisa Surridge (2017) argues, “Gaskell suggests strongly that the emotional poverty of middle-class families arises from their absent fathers” (2017, p. 338).
500
Identify the dominant appeals in this cigarette advertisement from the 1950s.
Ethos/Logos
"Scientific evidence" (control group) presented by a "medical specialist" from a well-established cigarette brand that uses high quality ingredients in their product.
500
Name the five (or six) parts of an argument that we've covered in class this term.
1) Introduction (Exordium)
2) Background/context (Narratio)
3) Claim/thesis (Propositio)
4) Confirmation & Refutation (Confirmation & Refutatio)
5) Conclusion/call to action (Peroratio)
500
FANBOYS is a mnemonic acronym used to remember the 7 coordinating conjunctions. Name those conjunctions!
For - And - Nor - But - Or - Yet - So
600
Define genre.
(All or any of the below)
A flexible system -- or systems -- of classification that is rooted in the audience, purpose, and context of a communicative act.
More-or-less established through the repeated use of conventions (rhetorical, structural) that help to determine the meaning and purpose of a communicative act.
An aid to effective/efficient transmission of meaning
600
True or false? The titles of longer sources like books, albums, or journals should appear in quotation marks.
False. The titles of books (etc.) should be italicized. The titles of shorter sources (articles, poems, episodes of a television show) should appear in quotation marks.
(If you can throw it and it goes somewhere, italicize. [Thanks, Lucian!])
600
The "basic rhetorical situation" is made up of three components. Name those components.
1. Audience
2. Context
3. Purpose
600
Identify the grounds and the claim in the following statement:
Smoke is pouring from Ann's bedroom. Ann's bedroom is on fire.
Grounds: Smoke is pouring from Ann's bedroom. Claim: Ann's bedroom is on fire.
(For a bonus 50 points, provide a warrant.)
600
Words that sound alike but have different meanings go by what term?
Homophone (sound alike, spelled differently) (e.g. affect/effect)
Homonym (sound alike, spelled the same) (e.g. duck [animal] / duck [action])