LANGUAGE, LEARNING, AND TEACHING
What are the three perspectives on Second Language Acquisition?
a. Structural Linguistics, Generative Linguistics, and Constructivism
b. Language, Learning, and Teaching
c. Constructivism, Performance, and Competence
d. Post-Structuralism, Cognitive Constructivism, Social Constructivism
a. Structural Linguistics, Generative Linguistics, and Constructivism
What is pivot grammar?
a. Baby "language"
b. Early grammars of child language
c. What children bring to the Language Acquisition process
d. A child's first word
b. Early grammars of child language
What is the critical period?
a. 20-30 years
b. >12 years
c. 15-20 years
d. Only before the age of 1
b. >12 years
What does meaningful learning do?
a. process of attaining knowledge
b. process of relating and anchoring
c. process of forgetting after the lesson
d. process of remembering previous knowledge
b. process of relating and anchoring
What is the difference between learning styles vs strategies?
a. techniques vs strategies
b.behavior vs techniques
c. preferences vs. styles
d. differences vs. similarities
b. behavior vs techniques
What are the two types of constructivism?
a. Social and Complex
b. Cognitive and Individual
c. Complex and Individual
d. Social and Cognitive
d. Social and Cognitive
What are the three types of approaches for first language acquisition?
a. Behavioral, Nativist, Functional
b. Universal Grammar, Pivot Grammar, Adult Grammar
c. Competence, Performance, Comprehension
d. Functional, Grammar, Nativist
a. Behavioral, Nativist, Functional
What is lateralization?
Certain functions are assigned, or "lateralized," to the left hemisphere of the brain, and certain other functions to the right hemisphere.
What does automaticity do?
a. Oral production judged by a speech community to be correct
b. The act of processing input and giving output without deliberation or hesitation in real-time speed
c. emphasizing real-world, meaningful language used for genuine communicative purposes
d. relatively permanent cognitive efforts
b. Te act of processing input and giving output without deliberation or hesitation in real-time speed
What is field independence synonymous to?
a. field sensitivity
b. field reality
c. field variable
d. field recovery
a. field sensitivity
Which of following is NOT a linguist in the School of Structuralism?
a. Charles Hockett
b. Charles Fries
c. Noam Chomsky
d. Leonard Bloomfield
c. Noam Chomsky
What are competence and performance?
Competence: one's underlying knowledge of a system, even, or fact; non-observable ability.
Performance: the overtly observable and concrete manifestation, or realization, of competence; the actual doing of something.
What is the main role of affective domain?
a. Inhibitions
b. Second Identity
c. Attitude
d. Egocentricity
d. Egocentricity
What is the difference between transfer and interference?
Transfer: carryover of previous performance or knowledge
Interference: previously learned material conflicts with subsequent material
TRUE OR FALSE
Field sensitivity is the same as field independence
FALSE; it is the same as field dependence
TRUE OR FALSE:
According to Jean Piaget, social interaction triggers development at the right moment in time.
TRUE
Which of the following is a characteristic of the language acquisition device (LAD)?
a. The ability to organize linguistic data into various classes that can later be refined.
b. The ability to engage in constant evaluation of the developing linguistic system so as to construct the simplest possible system out of the available linguistic input.
c. Knowledge that only a certain kind of linguistic system is possible and that other kinds are not
d. All of the above
d. all over the above
Does accent always happen when learning a second language?
a. Yes, the second language interferes with the first language.
b. Yes, accent is important in learning a second language
c. No, accent becomes visible after the critical period
d. No, accent does not correlate with second language learning.
c. No, accent becomes visible after the critical period.
What is language attrition?
the variety of possible causes for the loss of second language skills.
Which of the following matches with the definition below?
Helps learners to employ the beneficial emotional energy, form positive attitudes toward the learning process, and generate and maintain motivation.
a. Cognitive
b. Compensatory
c. Affective
d. Sociocultural-Interactive
c. Affective
What does a Generative Linguist focus on?
a. Human Behavior
b. Human Environment
c. Human Psychology
d. Human Interaction
a. Human Behavior
TRUE OR FALSE
The following are all proven universal linguistic categories:
-Word order
-Morphological marking tone
-Agreement
-Reduced reference
-Verbs and verb classes
-Predication
-Negation
-Question formation
FALSE; these are under investigation
TRUE OR FALSE:
The time between learning the first and second language interferes with the effect of the first language?
TRUE; adult second language linguistics processes are more vulnerable to the effect of the first language on the second, especially the farther apart the two language-learning events are.
Which of the following is a question asked for language aptitude?
a. Is aptitude necessary?
b. Does aptitude correlate with learning a second language?
c. Does talent change the results of being able to understand a second language?
d. Does aptitude vary by age and by whether learning is implicit or explicit?
d. does aptitude vary by age and by whether learning is implicit or explicit?
What is the definition of Compensatory strategies?
How learners can compensate for weakness and avoid various pitfalls.