Arguments: The Basics
This is a sentence that makes a claim about something that can (in theory) be proven true or false.
What is a premise/proposition?
This is the grounds in which we hold our beliefs.
What is cognitive reality?
This fallacy is a misrepresentation of someone's position so that it is negatively distorted or caricatured.
What is the straw man fallacy?
This refers to the traits, experiences, values and characteristics that make an individual unique. Described as the "I" or a sense of self that persists over time.
What is personal identity?
This form of bias led to Mark Whalberg believing he could have stopped 9/11 and it is also most likely the reason that YOU have main character syndrome.
What is self-serving bias?
This is THE claim being asserted that you want other people to believe is true.
What is a conclusion?
This is a theory that argues humans have two modes of thinking.
What is Dual Process Theory?
This fallacy uses multiple meanings of ambiguous terms to confuse or deceive (Ex: "these chips are healthy because they're natural")
What is the fallacy of equivocation?
200 points for every factor or element that makes up personal identity (5 were listed in our presentation)
What are Personality, Beliefs and values, individual preferences, life experiences and personal experiences?
This is a form of questioning that can improve arguments by working out weaknesses such as vagueness or ambiguity.
What is the Socratic Method?
This is the process of reconstructing an argument to be as consice as possible without losing its meaning.
What is Rewording?
300 points for every example you can give of System 1 thinking (Experiential System thinking)
What is (include your answer here) but probably something like driving or 2+2?
This type of argument occurs when a conclusion about a group is drawn from too small or unrepresentative a sample.
What is a hasty generalization?
This theory explains how people define themselves through the groups that they belong to.
What is Social Identity Theory?
300 points to the first team that can write a rhetorical question on the board (be ready to explain how this question is rhetorical).
400 points for every type of argument you can name, explain, and give an example of!
What are deductive arguments, inductive arguments, arguments of analogy, causal arguments, generalizations, ad hominem arguments or anecdotal arguments?
400 points for every example of System 2 thinking (Rational System).
What is Critical thinking amongst other deep thinking examples?
This is not a fallacy but instead, it's a principle that helps avoid fallacies by focusing on a truth-seeking disposition rather than an attitude to critical thinking that sees an argument as a means of winning or gaining superiority.
What is the Principle of Good Charity?
These are the 3 core processes of Social Identity Theory.
What are Social categorization, Social identification, and social comparison?
400 points for every reading you can name that we've done for this class / things we've watched (Need a full title and author)
What is Ryan Holiday's "Trust Me, I'm Lying", W.E.B. Du Boi's "The Souls of Black Folk", or The Secret World of Incels (No author needed)?
500 points to the first group that can define the difference between vagueness and ambiguity.
What is ambiguity refers to a term that can mean several things whereas Vagueness is a term that has a single meaning but unclear boundaries.
"Where do you live?"
"California."
This is a strong cognitive default in which we seek out, attend to, and remember evidence and arguments that confirm our current beliefs at the expense of those that disconfirm them.
What is Confirmation Bias?
This fallacy is present in the following argument -
"I would like to be able to take my 10 minute break now."
"A 10 minute break? So you just want to come into work and not work, don't you?"
What is a Straw man argument/fallacy?
These are the groups that are formed to separate who you identify with and who you don't identify with.
What are in-groups and out-groups?
What is misinformation is giving false or inaccurate information unintentionally and Disinformation is giving false information deliberately with the intention to mislead.