6A: Compound Adjectives (Vocabulary)
Definition:
Refers to something that involves a lot of danger or is likely to result in negative outcomes.
High-risk
Correct or Incorrect:
Answer:
Incorrect.
Explanation:
The verb "ask" is usually followed by an object (in this case, "him") and an infinitive. "Ask" refers to requesting someone to do something, so it needs to be followed by the infinitive (to + base verb).
Corrected sentence: She asked him to leave the room.
Definition:
To overcharge someone or deceive them, typically by charging much more than something is worth. It can also mean to take advantage of someone unfairly.
Rip-off
A screen that detects and responds to touch, allowing the user to interact with the device by tapping or swiping.
Touchscreen
It is used to talk about general truths, facts, or situations that are always true when something happens. Both the condition (if-clause) and the result (main clause) are in the present simple tense.
Structure:
If + present simple, present simple
Sample: If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
Zero Conditional
Definition:
Describes a person who has limited views and is unwilling to consider new ideas or opinions.
Narrow-minded
Correct or Incorrect:
They told me to wait for them outside.
Correct
Explanation:
"Tell" is followed by an object (in this case, "me") and an infinitive. When giving instructions or commands, we use the infinitive form after "tell".
Definition:
A loan specifically used to buy property, typically a house or real estate. The borrower agrees to repay the loan over time with interest, and the property serves as collateral.
Mortgage
The options and configurations on a device or application that allow the user to adjust preferences and functionality.
Setting
It is used to talk about a hypothetical situation in the past, something that didn’t happen. It refers to regrets or imagined results of past events.
Structure:
If + past perfect, would have + past participle
Examples:
If I had known about the party, I would have gone.
(This didn’t happen in the past—I didn’t know about the party, so I didn’t go.)
Third Conditional
Definition:
Feeling awkward or embarrassed about oneself, often in social situations.
Self-Conscious
Correct or Incorrect
He told her finishing her assignment quickly.
Answer: Incorrect.
Explanation: "Tell" is followed by an object (in this case, "her") and an infinitive. When telling someone to do something, we use the infinitive (to + base verb).
Corrected sentence: He told her to finish her assignment quickly.
Definition:
Describes a person who is very reluctant to spend money; someone who is stingy or miserly.
Tight-fisted
A high-speed internet connection, often delivered via fiber, DSL, or cable, providing fast internet access.
Broadband
It is used to talk about hypothetical or unreal situations in the present or future, or to give advice. It refers to something that is unlikely or impossible.
Structure:
If + past simple, would + base verb
Example:
If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.
Second Conditional
Definition:
Referring to something done at the last possible moment, often rushed or unplanned.
Last-minute
Correct or Incorrect
We expect them arriving early for the event.
Answer: Incorrect.
Explanation: The verb "expect" is followed by an object (in this case, "them") and an infinitive. "Expect" refers to a belief or assumption about a future event, so it is followed by the infinitive (to + base verb), not the gerund.
Corrected sentence: We expect them to arrive early for the event.
Definition:
Refers to someone spending more money than they earn or can afford, often leading to debt or financial instability.
Lives beyond their means
The process of playing media (audio, video) directly from the internet without downloading it first, in real-time.
Streaming
It is used to talk about a possible future event or situation that depends on a condition. It refers to a real possibility.
Structure:
If + present simple, will + base verb
Example:
First Conditional
Definition:
Something that is no longer in style or is from an earlier time period.
Old-fashioned
Could you explain when to use an infinitive or a gerund in a sentence?
Use Infinitive (to + base verb):
Use Gerund (verb + ing):
Key Difference:
An economic system in which the means of production and distribution of goods and services are privately owned and operated for profit.
Capitalism
A small window that appears suddenly on a computer screen, often used for advertisements or notifications.
Pop-up
It used when the time in the if-clause and the main clause is different. Typically, we mix the second and third conditionals to talk about past events affecting present situations or vice versa.
Structure 1:
If + past perfect, would + base verb
(The if-clause refers to a past condition, but the result is in the present.)
Structure 2:
If + past simple, would have + past participle
(The if-clause refers to a present condition, but the result is in the past.)
Examples:
If I had studied harder, I would be a doctor now.
(The past action of not studying hard affects the present—now I’m not a doctor.)
If I were taller, I would have played basketball professionally.
(The present unreal condition of not being tall affected the past—not playing basketball professionally.)
Mixed Conditional