Academic &
Scientific English
Tools and
materials
Locations
Real and fake
science
Real and fake
engineering
100
English as a Scientific Lingua Franca is compared to this prehistoric beast by Tardy (2004). 

What is a Tyrannosaurus Rex? 

100

Penny explained this simple but essential laboratory tool to us in her first presentation. 

What is a microscope? 

100

This underground cavern in Romania is home to the recently discovered species movilecauda caecus.

What is the Movile cave? 

100
An effect of global warming and melting glaciers, this measurable change in the oceans worsens coastal flooding and speeds up coastal erosion. 

What is Sea Level Rise? 

100

In their study of critical time and recursive world splits, this kind of sequence was observed to describe the temporal intervals between successive split events, with each interval approximately halved relative to the preceding one.  

What is a geometric decrease?

200

This is a name for technical language that may be unfamiliar to people outside of a specific field. 

What is jargon? 

200

This biodegradable, low-cost, light-weight, flexibile material can be used in electronics and optoelectronics. 

What is paper? 

200

While the cheaper, extensive versions have a shallow soil layer and use sedums, mosses, and drought-tolerant plants, these higher-cost versions of an environmentally-friendly building component may include diverse ecosystems with a wide variety of plant life and may be used for recreation.

What are intensive green roofs? 

200

A 2021 study by Lynch & Mirabelli found that only 19% of adolescents were aware of this important indicator of pollution levels. 

What is the Air Quality Index? 

200

This device enables time travel by converting extreme amounts of energy into a stable space-time flow.

What is the flux capacitor? 

300

This adjective describes a quality of good academic writing, especially in summarizing, i.e., conveying maximal information in minimal space. 

What is concise? 

300

The use of these devices allows the Smart City project to count its objects of study without killing them. 

What are insect cameras? 

300

This lake in Hannover is the site of an ongoing study comparing the impact of different artificial lighting configurations on insect life. 

What is the Maschsee? 

300

This value, which is the sum of scores for physical, functional and psychological well-being, is a study-defined feasibility score for living mostly on food pills. 

What is the Healthy Living Index (HLI)? 

300

These creepy AIs simulate deceased individuals using personal data and language models, allowing the bereaved to continuing interacting with a something that looks and sounds like their loved ones. 

What are greifbots?

400

In academic writing, a critique usually tends towards this kind of language, using hedging, modals and other softeners to avoid sounding over confident or overly harsh. 

What is tenuous (language)? 

400

A model of a real-world physical product, system, or process that serves as a counterpart for purposes such as simulation, integration, testing, monitoring, and maintenance.

What is a digital twin? 

400

A paper by Zakharova, K., Rodela, R., & Lehtilä, K. (2025) investigated indicators of visual and ecological complexity of urban wetlands in this Scandanvian city. 

What is Stockholm? 

400

This natural process was used to distribute luminiscent hydrogel throughout the vascular networks of Linden trees, enabling distributed afterglow emission in a pilot study on a novel form of street lighting. 

What is transpiration?

400

This kind of simulation allows for extensive tests to be carried out using parts or complete hardware in a safe, controlled environment--even for dangerous new technology like the flux capacitor. 

What is a Hardware-in-the-Loop setup?

500

Instead of fancy clause structure and obscure tenses, descriptions of data often make use of these large chunks of language which may contain multiple adjectives, prepositional phrases and relative clauses. 

What are complex noun phrases? 

500

These AI tools are trained on large amounts of categorized visual data to extract relevant features from images for analysis. 

What are Convolutional Neural Networks? 

500

This country is home to "Climeworks'" innovative Direct Air Capture technology which uses geothermal energy to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and store it underground. 

What is Iceland? 

500

Coined by Pierce et. al. (2003), this term describes the sense of personal responsibility for the well-being of an object, such as a neighborhood tree. 

What is psychological ownership?

500

This is the layer between parallel metal plates in a traditional capacitor (no idea if it's a component of a flux capacitor...)

What is a dielectric? 

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