Part one
“ … Instruction for (mostly adult) students with specific language, learning goals, directly related to their current or future, academic, professional, vocational lives and contexts”
“English for specific purposes”
”ESP”
“ The creation of materials for an instruction in languages for specific purposes ( LSP) has a long history…”
true or false?
True
“… initiated in ancient times as people traveled and came into contact with speakers of other languages, but had a limited amount of time to develop the competence need to communicate, conduct business, or study in their new context”
“ Is research about ESP published in other parts of the world?”
Yes
” since ESP is an international initiative developed to meet the specific needs of students in local situations, research about ESP is also published in regional journals and publications throughout the world, and there are many unpublished studies and curricula as well”
“ with student and situational diversity and varied needs comes…”
“ a variety of ESP instructional models”
”EAP models”
“ an approach that assists students in solving types of problems that they may have to face in their future career”
“ problem – base learning (PBL)”
“ designed to meet specified needs of the learner; related in content ( its themes and topics) two particular disciplines, occupations, and activities (and contexts); centered on the language (and behaviors) appropriate to those activities in syntax, lexis, discourse and cinematics parentheses, etc. and analysis of this discourse; in contrast with general English”
“Absolute characteristics: ESP…”
“ in the 20th century, as English became the predominant global language. The LSP for the world increasingly became ESP.”
True or false?
True
“ an increasing number of ESP practitioners live and work in English speaking/medium countries…”
true or false?
True
”… preparing curricula for VESL or English for for occupational purposes parentheses COP parentheses program programs for new immigrant and refugee populations or in classroom, emphasizing English for academic purposes (EAP) or English for business purposes for students and professional.”
“ according to the article how many EAP models are there and what are they?”
“I counted nine”
“ standalone EAP, adjunct EAP, team teaching, VESL models, preemployment VESL, occupation – specific VESL, integrated basic education and skills VESL, cluster VESL, workplace VESL”
The development of skills, knowledge, and attitude drawn from context in which they will be used, based on real life, materials and situation from that context”
“ contextualized instruction”
“ restricted as to language skills to be learned ( E.G., reading only);, not taught according to any pre-ordained methodology”
“ variable characteristics: ESP may be, but is not necessarily…”
According to who where did the modern ESP movement begin?
“Uber Grosse (1988)”
”England”
“ examples of places that have experiencing explosion of ESP programs in EFL context that has taken place in…”
“ China, Middle East and Latin America”
“ This popular model combines, wide angled and narrow angle approaches”
“Cluster VESL”
“ what are the objectives for figure 8?”
“ according to the article they are: identify solutions to and consequences of a workplace problem, come to a consensus in their groups about the best solution, use appropriate language for agreeing and disagreeing”
“ ESP experts are in considerable agreement about its core characteristics. Strevens’s (1988) list, later revised by Dudley – Evans and St. John ( 1998) identifies…”
“ the absolute and variable features of ESP curricula and teaching”
“Who was the most prominent ESP scholar of the late 20th century and what did he write?”
“ John Swales”
“Episodes in ESP (1988)”
“How can main curricular areas of the ESP movement be categorized?”
“ in a number of ways”
“ one of the best articulated and diverse sets of P model swells under the_______rubric. This ESP area includes both narrow angle courses, those focus on one type of job, and with a wide angled courses with a more general, comprehensive curriculum.”
“ VESL models.”
“ Future trends…….programs are developed because ________. As the world becomes more connected, this demand will undoubtedly________.”
“….. teachers, supervisors, government, agencies, professionals, or students see a need for focus, language courses with certain skills, genres, motivations, processes, and/or values are identified and integrated into specialized, short-term classes…”
”grow”
“ The proposition that language teaching methodologies should be well researched, and carefully focused – – tailored to the specific learning and language use needs and goals of identify groups of students – – and that curricula should be sensitive to the sociocultural and discourse context in which these students will use the language”
“ it can be seen, then, that ESP is a practitioners’ movement”
“ the early years of ESP can be divided into at least how many stages and what are they”?
“Five”
” register analysis, discourse analysis, target situation analysis, skills, and strategies, learning center approach.”
“ ESP courses offered throughout the world and what they focus on according to the article”
“ Italy – tourism”
” Morocco –agronomy”
”Latin america– various, business“
” French media universities/Lebanon – medicine, engineering, and business”
“ Rationale and responsibilities of ESP practitioners include…”
“ Working closely with individuals in their target situation, conducting effective assessment and target situation research, adapting, and developing methods and curricula, teaching skills and strategies for transfer”
Future trends for ESP programs include…?
“ rethinking approaches to foundational, ESP elements, incorporating digital literacies, re orientating skill instruction, revising instructional models, expanding lingua Franca studies”
Johns, Ann M., and Donna Price. “English for Specific Purposes: International in Scope, Specific in Purpose.” Teaching English as a Second or Foreign Language, Fourth ed., National Geographic Learning, 2014, pp. 471–487.