Language Change
Design Features
Natural Classes
Semantics
Syntax
100
For example, what happened to /s/ when early French 'estoile' became 'etoile' or when 'escole' became 'ecole'
What is an example of loss?
100
elements that combine to form elements that combine
What is duality of patterning?
100
the ways in which a sound becomes more similar to surrounding sounds
What is assimilation?
100
words with the same denotation and different connotation
What is a synonym?
100
new ones can be created E.G.: nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs
What is the definition and example of an open class lexical category?
200
For example, English had the sound /3/ after the Norman Conquest but not before
What is an example of addition?
200
we hand language down as part of culture
What is traditional transmission?
200
process through which sounds come to be omitted from words
What is deletion?
200
opposites which exist in degrees or points along a continuum
What is gradable antonymy?
200
a sentence with both a direct and indirect object
What is the definition of a ditransitive sentence?
300
For example, the change in meaning from Latin 'villanus' "inhabitant of a farm" to English 'villain'
What is an example of degradation/pejoration?
300
we can talk about things not present or even real
What is displacement?
300
adding sounds to words
What is insertion?
300
analysis of word meanings into smaller primitive units of meaning
What is lexical decomposition?
300
linking verb and predicate nominator/subject
What makes up a linking sentence?
400
For example, the change in meaning from Old English 'hlaford' "bread steward" to "Lord"
What is an example of melioration/elevation?
400
language consists of separable elements
What is productivity?
400
process of sounds reversing their order E.G. paseghiti vs spaghetti
What is metathesis?
400
the association of a word's meaning with an image
What is a prototype?
400
direct object and a prepositional phrase
What makes a sentence transitive prepositional?
500
a reconstructed but otherwise unattested language; a hypothesized ancestral language
What is proto-language?
500
speech sounds have no direct biological function
What is specialization of sound for communicative purposes?
500
the parameters for what sounds can appear in onsets and codas in a particular language
What is phonotactic contraints?
500
referencing something physically in front of you that you can point to
What is the definition of deictic?
500
a sentence with a direct object and predicate object
What makes up a complex transitive sentence?
M
e
n
u