Academic Writing
What tone should academic writing use?
Formal and objective.
What does APA stand for?
American Psychological Association.
What is informed consent?
When participants voluntarily agree to join a study after understanding the details.
What do transitions help with?
Connecting ideas smoothly.
What is paraphrasing?
Rewriting someone else’s idea in your own words.
What is a thesis statement?
The main idea or argument your essay will develop
Where does the in-text citation normally appear?
At the end of the sentence containing the idea.
What ethical principle protects a person’s autonomy?
Respect for Persons.
What is a topic sentence?
The sentence that introduces a paragraph’s main idea
Does a paraphrase need a citation?
Yes
Name one feature of strong academic writing.
Clarity, precision, or evidence-based reasoning
How does APA format a reference for a website?
Author. (Year). Title. URL
What is “beneficence”?
Doing good or maximizing benefits for participants.
What does “coherence” mean?
The writing makes logical sense and flows clearly.
What is patchwriting?
Changing only a few words of a source — still plagiarism.
What does “avoiding bias” mean in academic writing?
Presenting information fairly without personal opinions or stereotypes.
What two pieces of information are required in an APA in-text citation?
Author’s last name and year of publication.
What is “non-maleficence”?
The obligation to avoid causing harm.
What is the purpose of an outline?
To organize ideas before writing.
Name one method for integrating sources.
Direct quote, paraphrase, summary, signal phrase.
What is “hedging,” and why do writers use it?
Using cautious language (e.g., may, might) to avoid overgeneralizing.
True or False:
APA requires every in-text citation to have a matching reference list entry.
Give three example of a researcher violating ethics
Fabricating data, manipulating participants, not getting consent
Name one common logical fallacy.
Strawman, ad hominem, slippery slope.
What makes a strong paraphrase?
Uses your own wording and structure while keeping the original meaning.