English Cue Definitions
What is a pragmatic cue?
Language that is suited for an intended audience. used to explain function and purpose of texts including informing, persuading, narrating, describing; recognize use and register of language (e.g., formal, informal, colloquialism, jargon, slang, clichés); detect use of emotional appeal or persuasive language (e.g., testimonials, emotional appeals, bandwagon effects); recognize variations in language, accent, and dialect in community, country, and texts; discern author’s/presenter’s overall intent.
What is formal writing?
Formal writing is that form of writing which is used for the business, legal, academic or professional purpose.
What is personification?
a figure of speech in which a thing – an idea or an animal – is given human attributes. Ex) Look at my car. She is a beauty, isn’t she?
What is an independent clause?
A complete sentence containing a subject and a verb and fully expressing an idea. Ex) She sipped on her cappuccino.
What is denotation?
defined as literal or dictionary meanings of a word in contrast to its connotative or associated meanings. Ex) Pushy – suggests someone is loud-mouthed and irritating.
What is a textual cue?
Textual cues are signals within the language of a speech that can work to shape understanding including form/ genre, artistic devices (e.g., personification, figurative language including similes and metaphors, exaggeration, symbolism), elements (e.g., point of view, conflict, theme, supporting arguments) and text features (e.g., credits, headings, diagrams, columns, sidebar, pull-quotes); understand range of standard forms for texts including paragraphs and multi-paragraph compositions; recognize point of view employed (including third person) for a particular purpose; recognize organizational patterns within texts (e.g., chronological, enumerative, procedural, problem/ solution, cause/effect, comparison/contrast); recognize how language and techniques create a dominant impression, mood, tone, and style.
What is informal writing?
Casual and relaxed writing that does not concern typical grammatical elements. So simple lol
What is a metaphor?
a figure of speech that makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated, but which share some common characteristics. DOES NOT USE "LIKE" OR "AS". Ex) The assignment was a breeze. (This implies that the assignment was not difficult.)
What is a dependent clause?
A dependent clause is one that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence because it does not express a complete thought.
What is connotation?
Connotation refers to a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly. Words carry cultural and emotional associations or meanings, in addition to their literal meanings or denotations. Ex) “That woman is so pushy!” – Pushy refers to someone who is loud-mouthed, insisting, and irritating.
What is a syntactical cue?
a cue that involves word order, rules and patterns of language (grammar), and punctuation. recognize and comprehend sentence structures including compound and complex sentences used for variety, interest, and effect; recognize how effective co-ordination, subordination, and apposition of ideas make sentences clear and varied; recognize parallel structure or balanced sentences; recognize active (versus) passive verbs; recognize effective capitalization and punctuation including periods, commas, semicolons, quotation marks, colons, dashes, and hyphens.
What is jargon?
Special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand.
What is a simile?
a figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things. DOES USE "LIKE" AND "AS". Ex) Her cheeks are red like a rose.
What is a parallel structure?
Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level. The usual way to join parallel structures is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as "and" or "or." Ex) Toby was asked to write his report quickly, accurately, and thoroughly.
What is a prefix?
a single letter or a group of letters, which adds to the meaning of a word when placed at the beginning. Ex) The nextflix server is unavailable.
What is a Semantic cue?
Cues that give clues to the meaning in language that assists in comprehending texts, including words, speech, signs, symbols, and other meaning-bearing formswords that are appropriate for audience, purpose, and context and capture a particular aspect of intended meaning; recognize and interpret the denotative and connotative meaning of words; use context, prefixes, suffixes, root words, sounds, and reference tools.
What is a cliché?
a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought.
What is imagery?
Means to use figurative language to represent objects, actions, and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses.
What is a compound sentence?
A compound sentence has at least two independent clauses that have related ideas. The independent clauses can be joined by a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) or by a semicolon. Ex) I really need to go to work, but I am too sick to drive.
What is a suffix?
A suffix is a letter or a group of the letters that is attached at the end of a root or a base word to change its meaning or tense. It serves to create new words out of the old words. Ex) The fall was preventable.
what is a Graphophonic cue?
Involves the letter-sound or sound-symbol relationships of language. Use knowledge of a range of spelling patterns, including sound-symbol relationships and rules, to help identify, comprehend, and analyze words; recognize common spellings and variants used for effect or dialect.
What is colloquialism?
The use of ordinary or familiar informal words or phrases. Ex) Ya'll, wanna, gonna.
What is symbolism?
The use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities, by giving them symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense. Ex) The dove is a symbol of peace.
What is a complex sentence?
A complex sentence has one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. ex) Stay in the bath (i) until the phone rings (d).
What is a root word?
A root word is a word or word part that can form the basis of new words through the addition of prefixes and suffixes. Ex) Act: to move or do (actor, acting, reenact)